Mixtures and Their Characteristics

Mixtures and Their Characteristics

Open Ended

Someone messed up and mixed the coffee beans and sugar together. How would you separate the two materials?

Mixtures are a physical combination of two or more substances.

​Each of the substances still retain their properties.
Mixtures are either heterogeneous or homogeneous.
They can also be solutions, suspensions or colloids.

​Mixtures

The substances in a homogeneous mixture are evenly distributed.
Because of this, it is difficult for them to be distinguished.

​Homogeneous Mixtures

A solution is a homogeneous mixture.
It is composed of a solvent and a solute.
The solute is dissolved in the solvent.
In solutions of the same phase, the component with the greater amount is the solvent.

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Solutions

Multiple Choice

Mixtures are combined chemically.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

You can clearly distinguish the components of a homogeneous mixture.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

In a solution, the solvent is greater than the solute.

• true

• false

Solid solution - two or more solid substances are mixed while in liquid state, and then solidify.
Alloys - are solutions made of two metals.
Liquid solution - the solvent and solute are both liquid.
Gaseous solution - the components are all in gaseous state.

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Types of Solutions

When there's a greater amount of solute than solvent, the solution is concentrated.
When there is less solute than solvent, it is diluted.

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Concentration

Unsaturated - when the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent.
Saturated - when the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in the solvent.
Supersaturated - when more than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in the solvent.

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Saturation

Heterogeneous mixtures have components that can still be identified and distinguished.
Suspension - the solute particles are not dissolved. Ex. paint, flour in water, some kinds of medicine.

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Heterogeneous Mixtures

​Doctors prescribe medicine in suspension form.

Colloid - a heterogeneous mixture where one substance is dispersed throughout another.
A dispersed phase is the substance present uniformly in a dispersion medium.
Milk, fog, gelatin, mayonnaise, lotion, toothpaste, ink and whipped cream are examples of colloids.

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Heterogeneous Mixtures

Colloid - molecules of a colloid move in a zigzag pattern called the Browning movement.
The particles of a colloid are able to scatter light. This is called the Tyndall effect.

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Heterogeneous Mixtures