Glaciation

​How Does Ice Shape the Earth?

• ​Glacier= mass of moving ice formed by compacted snow

• ​Large glaciers slowly move downhill.

  • ​They pick up materials as they move, which they later drop as they melt

    • ​Glacial drift= movement of materials by glaciers

• ​They also cause scratches and abrasions on the rocks they pass.

​Types of Glaciers

• ​Alpine glacier-forms in a mountainous area.

  • Often form in a V-shaped valley.

  • ​Widen it into a U-shape.

• ​Alpine landforms:

  • ​Cirque= bowl-shaped depression

  • ​Arete= ridge between 2 cirques

  • ​Horn= 3 or more aretes joined together

​Continental Glaciers

• ​Form over a large, mostly flat area

• ​Flatten and smooth the land as they move

• ​Continental landforms:

  • ​Erratics= large boulders deposited by a glacier

  • ​Kettle lakes= lakes formed by chunks of ice left behind by a glacier

Multiple Choice

What is another name for the bowl shape left behind by an alpine glacier?

• Arete

• Horn

• Cirque

• Sand dune

Multiple Choice

When you combine 3 or more aretes, you get what?

• Horn

• Cirque

• U-shaped valley

• Alpine glacier

Multiple Choice

Which type of glacier causes flatter, less rugged landforms?

• Continental

• Alpine

Multiple Choice

What type of glacier forms in a mountainous area?

• alpine

• continental

• till

• moraine

Multiple Choice

What type of glacier covers huge areas of land?

• alpine

• continental

• till

• moraine

Multiple Choice

ALPINE GLACIERS erode mountainous regions, then melt.

What are the shapes of the valleys that remain behind after the ice melts?

Multiple Choice

Look at the picture. Which feature is C?

• Cirque glacier

• Valley glacier

• Continental glacier

• Piedmont glacier

Multiple Choice

Look at the picture. Which feature is D?

• Cirque glacier

• Valley glacier

• Continental glacier

• Piedmont glacier

Multiple Choice

What is a very jagged and thin ridge of rock?

This forms when two valley glaciers or two cirque glaciers grind and erode the valley walls between them.

• Arete

• Col

• Horn

• Cirque

Multiple Choice

What is a very pointy and slender mountain peak?

This forms when two or more circque galciers or niche glaciers erode from different sides of mountain peak?

• Arete

• Col

• Horn

• Cirque

Multiple Choice

What is the bowl-shaped depressions that form near the summits of mountains?

They often contain the sources of glaciers. These are the zones of accumulation in alpine glacier systems?

• Arete

• Col

• Horn

• Cirque

Multiple Choice

The glacier inside the cirque melts.

What are the small shallow lakes that remain inside the cirques after the glaciers melted?

• Tarn lakes

• Paternoster lakes

• Kettle lakes

• Meltwater lakes

Multiple Choice

The photograph shows a valley. Which agent of erosion most likely produced this valley's shape?

• blowing wind

• ocean waves

• moving ice

• running water

Multiple Choice

What are jagged ridges that form on mountains called?

• U-shaped valleys

• cirques

• aretes

• horns

Multiple Choice

A _____ is a glacially carved valley flooded by the sea. This is mentioned in the movie frozen!

• volcano

• moraine

• out-wash bason

• fjiord

Multiple Choice

What is plucking?

• When rocks become frozen into the glacier and are 'plucked' out when the glacier moves

• When rocks scrape the bottom of the corrie

• When cracks in rocks fill with water and freeze when it is colder

Multiple Choice

A sharp, pyramid shaped peak formed by glacial erosion

• Horn

• Arete

• Cirque

• Erratic

Multiple Choice

Identify the landform in the picture created by a glacier.

• arete

• cirque

• kettle lake

• moraine

Multiple Choice

_____ the process in which a glacier scrapes underlying rock. The sediments and rocks frozen in the ice at the bottom and sides of a glacier act like sandpaper. They wear away rock..

• Plucking

• Abrasion

• Weathering

• Erosion

Multiple Choice

What is a tarn?

• A ridge of high land

• A wide valley

• A lake within a corrie

Multiple Choice

What is a truncated spur?

• A feature of a ribbon lake

• An interlocking spur that has been cut by a glacier

• A feature of a valley created by a river bursting its banks due to a glacier melting rapidly

Multiple Choice

Which is larger?

• Alpine Glacier

• Ice Sheet

Multiple Choice

When an ice shelf has a large chunk of ice break apart and drift out into the ocean, the large chunk is called a(n)

• ice sheet

• iceberg

• firn

• continental glacier

Multiple Choice

When snow melts and refreezes, a grainy ice is formed called a(n)

• ice sheet

• iceberg

• firn

• continental glacier

Multiple Choice

The process that causes ice at the base of the glacier to melt and the glacier to then slide downhill is called

• snowline

• firn

• internal plastic flow

• basal slip

Multiple Choice

The process that causes glaciers to flow slowly as grains of ice deform under pressure and slide over each other is called

• snowline

• firn

• internal plastic flow

• basal slip

Multiple Choice

Greenland and Antarctica are the only two

• snowfields

• ice shlefs

• continental glaciers

• alpine glaciers