Unit 1 Reassessment Review

Macromolecules are also called Biomolecules

They are small molecules that are necessary for life! Cells need them to work!

Carbohydrates

• Used for short-term energy

• Labeled as "sugars" in nutrition facts

• Foods with a lot of carbohydrates include bread and pasta

Carbohydrates

Monomer or "building block" is called a monosaccharide

Polymer is called a polysaccharide

Key examples: glucose (monomer), starch (polymer)

​Mono - means ONE

It is a singular component that makes up the larger structures of macromolecules. Each macromolecule has its own monomers.​

​​Monomer

​Poly - means MULTIPLE

A polymer is when two or more monomers bond together to make a larger, more complex macromolecule​

​​Polymer

SUGARS

Monomer - monosaccharide

Polymer - Polysaccharide; Disaccharide (TWO monomers)​

Sugar's monomers are:

1. Glucose

2. Fructose

3. Galactose​

​

​Carbohydrates

​

​Function of Carbohydrates

​Energy and Structure

The primary functions of carbohydrates is energy storage. Carbohydrates are types of sugars. Outside of energy storage, they can provide structure like the carbohydrate cellulose, which is the indigestible portion of plants.

---words that end in -ose are often sugars​

Polysaccharides= many sugars

• Starch =how plants store their extra sugar

• Glycogen= how animals store their extra sugar

• Cellulose=builds plant cell walls

• Chitin=builds the exoskeletons of crabs and insects

• Made by the process of dehydration synthesis

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of carbohydrates

• disaccharides

• monosaccharides

• amino acids

• fatty acids

Multiple Choice

Sugars all end with what three letter ending?

• -ote
• -ate
• -ase
• -ose

Multiple Choice

What type of carbohydrate is this?

• polysaccharide
• disaccharide
• monosaccharide
• it isn't a carbohydrate

Lipids

• Lipids are used for long term energy storage

• Lipids include fats, oils, and waxes

• Foods that include a lot of lipids are oils and butter, some fish, nuts,and avocados

Lipids

Lipids are made of fatty acids

There are two types: saturated and unsaturated

Multiple Select

Example(s) of Lipids are...

• Sugar

• Olive Oil

• Butter

• Bread

Multiple Select

A lipid is a macromolecule that is used to...

• give cells/systems energy.

• build cell parts.

• give cells/systems long term energy storage.

• help cells with chemical processes.

Multiple Choice

The main job of lipids is

• Short term energy storage

• Long term energy storage

• Genetic material

• DNA

Multiple Choice

Fats and oils: a major source of food providing long term energy and other functions.

• Sugars

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

Multiple Choice

What is the most basic unit of life?

• cell
• tissue
• organ
• organ system

Multiple Choice

The combination of chemical reactions through

which an organism builds up or breaks down

materials as it carries out its life processes is called ...

• absorption

• metabolism

• digestion

• consumption

Multiple Choice

Maintaining a stable internal

environment is called

• homeostasis

• equilibrium

• balance

• evenness

Multiple Choice

When a baby kitten becomes an adult cat, this is an example of...

• energy metabolism
• growth and development
• response to stimuli
• having cells

Multiple Choice

Living things are based on a universal genetic

code. What molecule is responsible for that code?

• RNA

• Lipid

• Protein

• DNA

Multiple Choice

The combination of chemical reactions through

which an organism builds up or breaks down

materials as it carries out its life processes is called ...

• absorption

• metabolism

• digestion

• consumption

Multiple Choice

Every organism must pass on its ________________, stored in DNA.

• metabolism
• response
• growth
• genetic code

Multiple Choice

What characteristic is shown: A bacteria cell divides itself in two.

• Reproduce

• Respond to a Stimulus

• Homeostasis

• Grow and Develop

Multiple Choice

Which characteristic is shown: An American alligator kills and eats a fish.

• Change Over Time

• Acquire and Use Energy

• Grow and Develop

• Made of Cells

Levels of Organization

Non-living

Living

Simple

Complex

Biomolecule

Life begins! →

INCREASING COMPLEXITY

DECREASING COMPLEXITY

ATOM

A basic unit of matter consisting of protons, neutrons, and
electrons.

Example: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

BIOMOLECULES

These are molecules composed of protons neutrons and electrons
that are made for living organism.Organisms are made up of organic
and inorganic molecules.

Examples:

Organic molecules: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acid

Inorganic molecules: Carbon dioxide and water

CARBOHYDRATES

PROTEINS

LIPIDS

NUCLEIC ACIDS

ORGANELLES

Any number of organized structures within a living cell.
Ex. mitochondria, chloroplast and nucleus

The basic unit of life.

CELL

TISSUE

Specialized cells working together to perform a specific function.

Animal Tissue

Plant Tissue

ORGAN

A group of tissues working together to perform a specific
function.

PLANT ORGANS

A group of organs working together to perform a specific
function.

ORGAN SYSTEM

ORGANISM

An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

Multiple Choice

Which is the simplest level of organization within the environment?

• cell

• organism

• population

• community

Multiple Choice

A structure made up of different types of tissue and performs a specific job.

• cells

• tissue

• organ

• organ system

Multiple Choice

The basic unit of structure and function for the body.

• cell
• atom
• organelle
• nucleus

Multiple Choice

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

• tissue
• organelle
• mass
• tendon

Multiple Choice

A group of organs that work together to perform a major function is an organ

• system
• column
• bank
• stack

Multiple Choice

A group of similar types of cells that work together to do a specific job is called a/an _____.

• tissue
• organ
• stem cell
• organ system

Multiple Choice

A group of different tissues working together to do a job is called a/an _____.

• tissue
• organ
• stem cell
• organ system

Multiple Choice

A group of different organs working together to do a series of jobs is called a/an _____.

• tissue
• organ
• stem cell
• organ system

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order of organization

• tissues-cells-organs-organ systems-organism
• cell-tissue-organs-organ systems-organism
• organism-cells-tissues-organ systems-organism
• tissues-cells-organs-organ sytems-organism

Multiple Choice

When many organ systems work together it can form...

• organ
• cells
• organ system
• organism 

Multiple Choice

This is a example of ........

• organ
• organ system
• tissue
• cell

Multiple Choice

This is a example of ........

• cell
• organ system
• organ
• tissue

Multiple Choice

This is a example of ........

• cell
• tissue
• organ 
• organ system