Cell Organelles Lesson

Cell Organelles

Biology 1

As you work...

Use the Practice: Organelle Identification Note Taking Guide

Each number has its own slide with the correct organelle on it!

Cell Theory (1850’s)

● All living things are made of one or more cells.

● The cell is the basic unit of organization of all living things.

● All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Universal Features of Cells

•All cells have cytoplasm

•All cells have DNA
•All cells have a cell membrane
•All cells have ribosome

Prokaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cell

• no true nucleus

• DNA not arranged in strands; genetic material

usually contained in single chromosome

• DO NOT contain internal membrane-bound

organelles

• obtain energy from sunlight or chemicals in

environment

• unicellular
• ex. Bacteria

• true nucleus

•DNA organized in structures known as

chromosomes

• have specialized organelles

• obtain energy from mitochondria

• multicellular
• ex. plant & animal cells

A structure in a cells that performs a specialized function.

Found in Eukaryotic Cells

What is an Organelle?

1.

Found in plant and animal cells (all cells)

2.

Controls movement of materials in and out of the cell

3.

Protects and Supports the cell

4.

Other names:
a.

Plasma membrane

b.

Phospholipid bilayer

Cell Membrane

1.

Only in plants

2.

Surrounds the cell membrane

3.

Structure and Protection

4.

Made up of cellulose

5.

Allows oxygen and water to pass through

6.

Chitin in fungi, and peptidoglycan in bacteria

Cell Wall

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Holds all genetic info for the cell (DNA)

3.

Controls all activities of the cell

Nucleus

1.

Found in plant and animal cells.

2.

Located within the nucleus

3.

Makes ribosomes for the cell

Nucleolus

1.

Not a true organelle
a.

In this category because it has a specific function

2.

a. Present in plant and animals cells

In fact all cells have
ribosomes

3.

Creates proteins

4.

Inside the cell can be found in the
cytoplasm or on the rough ER

Ribosome

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Makes lipids and proteins

3.

Rough due to the ribosomes found on them

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Does not have ribosomes

Creates smooth surface

3.

Only makes lipids

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Flattened sacs or tubes for shape

3.

Packages, sorts and distributes material from the ER to other parts of the cell

Golgi Apparatus

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Powerhouse of the cell

3.

Site of cellular respiration
a.

Creates ATP (ENERGY)

Mitochondria

1.

Found only in plant cells

2.

Site of photosynthesis
a.

Absorbs energy from the sun

b.

Makes food for the plant

3.

Has pigment called chlorophyll

Chloroplast

1.

Found in plant and animal cells
a.

Not common in plants

2.

Small in size

3.

Has digestive enzymes to breakdown waste products of the cell

Lysosome

1.

Found in plant and animal cells
a.

Larger in plants

b.

More important in plants

2.

Holds fluid

3.

Storage area for cell
a.

Specifically water for plant cells

Holds food in animal cells

Central Vacuole

1.

Found in plant and animal cells

2.

Network of proteins that provide structure and movement inside the cell

Cytoskeleton

1.

Found in plant and animal cells
a.

Even bacteria

2.

Semi-fluid material inside the cell

3.

Keep molecules and organelles in place

4.

Not in the nucleus

Cytoplasm

1. Transport proteins and other things around the

cell

Vesicles

1. Made of microtubules
2. Help the cell divide by pulling chromosomes apart

Centrioles

1.

Found in animal cells

2.

Microscopic

3.

Hair like projections on
surface of cells

4.

Sensing

Cilia

Flagella

1.

Found in animal cells

2.

Long and whip-like (tail)

3.

Whole cell movement with
whip like movements

Multiple Choice

To control what enters or leaves the cell is a function of _________.

• Cell Wall
• Cell Membrane
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

What organelle helps with cell digestion?

• lysosomes

• golgi complex

• ribosomes

• endoplasmic reticulum

Multiple Choice

A rigid layer that lies outside the cell's membrane is...

• cytoskeleton

• cilia

• flagella

• cell wall

Match

Match the following organelles

• Nucleus

• Rough ER

• Golgi

• Mitochodrion

• Ribosomes

Contains the codes & information for protein synthesis

Transports the proteins

Packages the proteins

Supplies ATP to all organelles

Synthesizes the proteins

• Contains the codes & information for protein synthesis

• Transports the proteins

• Packages the proteins

• Supplies ATP to all organelles

• Synthesizes the proteins

Multiple Choice

This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.

• vacuole
• nucleus
• cell membrane
• cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the cell membrane?

• The protective outer layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
  
• Stores information on DNA molecules / Directs and controls the activities of the cell.
  
• A folded membrane that moves materials around inside cells / Also acts as the site of manufacturing materials needed by the cell.
  
• The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
  

Multiple Choice

What organelle controls and regulates cellular activity?

• Ribosome
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Lysosome 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an enzyme filled organelle that breaks down waste in the cell?

• lysosomes
• chloroplast
• mitochondria 
• Golgi apparatus 

Multiple Choice

Plant and animal cells are identical. 

• True
• False

After you finish...

Flip the note taking guide over and create a vinn diagram comparing...
1. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic Cells
2. Plant vs. Animal Cells

You may research and use your online text to complete this part of your lesson.