Volcano Anatomy & Types

Volcano Anatomy & Types

3 Main Types of Volcanoes

Shield

-Non explosive

-Made mostly of thin,
basaltic lava flows

-Large, island forming (Ex.
The Hawaiian Islands)

Composite (Stratovolcano)

-Most common

-Has the classic cone shape

-Very explosive - made mostly
of thick, granitic lava flows

-Has alternating layers of lava
flow and pyroclastic material

CInder Cone

-Smaller

-Tall, steep sides

-Lava is slightly thicker than the
shield (can throw cinders)

3 Main Types of Volcanoes

Shield

-Non explosive

-Made mostly of thin,
basaltic lava flows

-Large, island forming (Ex.
The Hawaiian Islands)

Composite (Stratovolcano)

-Most common

-Has the classic cone shape

-Very explosive - made mostly
of thick, granitic lava flows

-Has alternating layers of lava
flow and pyroclastic material

CInder Cone

-Smaller

-Tall, steep sides

-Lava is slightly thicker than the
shield (can throw cinders)

Match

Match the volcano to its descriptions?

• Is broader and wider than it is tall

• Magma/lava is thinner than composite but thicker than shield

• Most common type of volcano in the world

Shield

Cinder Cone

Composite

• Shield

• Cinder Cone

• Composite

Match

Match the volcano to its descriptions?

• Forms islands like Hawaii

• Throws out chunks of flaming debris called cinders.

• Most explosive type

Shield

Cinder Cone

Composite

• Shield

• Cinder Cone

• Composite

Constructive vs. Destructive

Volcanic eruptions are constructive in that they add new rock to existing land and form new islands.

Volcanic eruptions can be destructive when an eruption is explosive and changes the landscape of and around the volcano. 

Parts of a Volcano

Magma that reaches Earth's surface is lava.

Magma from the mantle rises to Earth’s surface and flows out an opening (vent)

Volcano forms around it from cooled lava, ash, cinders, and rock

Ring of Fire

Most volcanoes occur along plate boundaries; in the Pacific Ocean, volcanoes are common (Ring of Fire)

Hot Spots

• Hot spots do not occur at plate boundaries BUT instead in the middle of a tectonic plate.

  • Yellowstone

  • Volcanic Island Chains
    

Caribbean Islands

• Formed over a HOT SPOT

  • tectonic plate moves but the hot spot stays in one place

  • Forms new islands in a chain

Multiple Choice

Which result from a volcanic eruption is considered constructive?

• add new rock to existing land and form new islands

• explosive and changes the landscape of and around the volcano

Multiple Choice

What is another name for magma that has reached Earth's surface?

• Vent

• Dust

• Ash

• Lava

Multiple Choice

Where is the Ring of Fire located?

• Indian Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

Fill in the Blanks

Puerto Rico was formed on a

.