Reproductive System

​Reproductive System

Objective:
Students will be able
to list 3 important
organs of this body
system and 1 way to
keep this system
healthy.

Male Reproductive Systems Hormones released by the pituitary gland during the early
teen years make the testes begin
producing the male sex hormone
testosterone.

This hormone causes some
physical changes. They are:
 broadening of the shoulders
 development of muscles
 facial and other body hair
 deepening of the voice

Multiple Choice

Which gland releases the testosterone hormone?

• Salivary Gland

• Sweat Gland

• Pituitary Gland

• Tear Gland

​turn to your partner and discuss the physical changes testosterone causes

​Be ready to get called on...

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not an effect of testosterone?

• Clear Skin

• Developed Muscles

• Deeper Voice

• Broader shoulders

Testosterone also causes the
production of sperm, the male
reproductive cell.

Main Functions of the Male
Reproductive System
 Production of sperm
 Transfer of sperm to the
female’s egg cell

​turn to your partner and discuss the main functions of the male reproductive system

​Be ready to get called on...

Multiple Choice

The main function of the male reproductive system is to produce sperm

• True

• False

Main Structures of the Male Reproductive System
The main external structures of the male reproductive system are:
 the testicles or testes - two small
glands that produce sperm at the rate of 100million per day.

 the penis, a tube-shaped
organ Attached to the trunk
of the body just above the testes.

Multiple Select

Which TWO of these are part of the external male system?

• Vas deferns

• Penis

• Testicles

• Prostate

Care of the Male Reproductive System
Caring of the male reproductive system involves cleanliness, protection, and
physical examinations.

Males should avoid clothing that is
too tight . They should also wear
a protector or supporter during
strenuous activity to help shield
the groin area and external
reproductive organs.

​turn to your partner and discuss the different ways to keep the male reproductive system healthy

​Be ready to get called on...

Multiple Choice

Males should avoid...

• getting physical exams

• wearing tight clothes

• cleaning themselves often

• wear protection when active

Also, once a male is physically
mature, any lumps , thickenings, or
changes in texture or size of the
testes should be reported to a
doctor.

Problems of the Male Reproductive System
1. Hernia - a hernia occurs when part of an organ pushes through an opening of a membrane or muscle that usually contains the organ.

2. Sterility - a condition in which a person is unable to reproduce. In a male, this can be the result of producing too few sperm - less than 20 million sperm per milliliter is considered sterile.

Sterility can be caused by:
a) environmental hazards (x-rays, radiation, and lead from motor exhaust).
b) rises in temperature of testes
c) exposure to certain chemicals
d) smoking
e) malfunction of one of the internal male reproductive organs
f) sexually transmitted infections
g) having mumps as an adult

​turn to your partner and discuss the different things that can cause men could be sterile

​Be ready to get called on...

3. Enlarged Prostate Gland - this could be due to infection or
old age.

4. Cancer of the Prostate Gland or the Testes - only a doctor
can diagnose prostate or testicular cancer.

Multiple Choice

Which of these is NOT a problem of the male reproductive system?

• Sterility

• Hernia

• Prostate Cancer

• Bladder Cancer

Female Reproductive Systems

Hormones released by the pituitary gland make the ovaries begin producing the female sex hormones - estrogen and progesterone.

This hormone causes some
physical changes. They are:
 enlargement of the

mammary tissue (breasts)
 widening of the hips
 body hair
 menstrual cycle

Estrogen

Progesterone

​turn to your partner and discuss the different changes female experience with hormone changes

​Be ready to get called on...

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not an effect of hormonal changes in females?

• widened hips

• happier mood

• enlarged breasts

• body hair

The female reproductive system stores the female reproductive cells, or ova. They are stored in the ovaries.

At birth, a female has over 400,000 immature ova in her ovaries. When a female begins going through puberty,
hormones cause the immature ova to mature.

The ovaries begin the process of releasing one mature
ovum each month. This process is called ovulation.

Usually one ovary releases an ovum one month, and the other ovary releases an ovum
the next month.

When a mature ovum is released, it moves into one of
the fallopian tubes.

Multiple Choice

How many ovums a month does the body release?

• 5

• 4

• 3

• 1

When a mature ovum is released, it moves into one of the fallopian tubes.

These are a pair of tubes with finger-like projections that draw the ovum in. Each tube is about 4 inches long and about
1/3 inch in diameter.

If a sperm cell is present in the fallopian tubes, it may unite with the ovum and fertilization
occurs.

The cell that results from the
union of the sperm and ovum
is called a zygote.

Multiple Choice

The cell that results from a sperm uniting with an ovum is called..

• egg

• cell

• zygote

• sperm

Once a zygote has been
formed, it leaves the fallopian
tube, travels to the uterus, and
attaches itself to the uterine
wall.

The uterus is a small, muscular,
pear-shaped organ about the
size of a fist.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the reproductive system does the zygote attach itself to?

• fallopian tubes

• uterus

• ovaries

• vaginal canal

Here the baby will grow until it
is time for birth.

How long is a ____ pregnant?
 a human
 a dog
 an elephant
 a kangaroo
 a frilled shark

 a bird

 9 months
 2 months
 21 months
 1 month
 3 ½ years
 They lay eggs!!

Multiple Choice

How long is an elephants pregnancy?

• 50

• 30

• 21

• 15

Menstruation



If the ovum does not become
fertilized, the lining of the
uterus breaks down into blood,
tissue, and fluids, which pass
through the cervix and out
of the vagina.

This flow usually lasts about 4-7 days. Although there can be great variations, most females menstruate every 28 days.


Most girls begin this process
between the ages of 10 and 15.
It will continue into their 40’s,
or 60’s.

Multiple Choice

How many days does the menstruation cycle last?

• 5-10

• 2-3

• 4-7

• 10-13

Care of the Female Reproductive System


Cleanliness is an important part of keeping the reproductive system healthy.

This is especially important
during the menstrual period,
when menstrual flow may
cause a slight odor.

Problems of the Female Reproductive System

1. Menstrual cramps - these are usually mild, lasting several hours. Light exercise may help relieve cramps.

A heating pad may also help. If cramps are severe, a doctor may recommend an over-the-
counter medication. If they still persist, seek medical attention.

2. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) - Although many
females do not experience PMS, others may have a
variety of symptoms they experience for
several days up to 2 weeks.

Multiple Choice

What is PMS stand for?

• premenstrual syndrome

• premonthly syndrome

• premanly syndrom

• premisery syndrome

PMS can cause

a. nervous tension E. WEIGHT GAIN
b. anxiety f. dEPRESSION
c. irritability g. mOOD SWINGS
d. bloating H. FATIGUE

g.

3. Infertility - this can affect as
many as 8% of women of
childbearing age. Some of
the causes are:

A. blocked fallopian tubes -
some of the causes of a
blocked tube include pelvic
inflammatory disease or
abdominal surgery.

b. endometriosis - this is the 2nd leading cause of infertility. In this disease,
uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, often appearing on the ovaries or
fallopian tubes.

C. pelvic inflammatory disease - this is an infection of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding areas. It can damage the reproductive organs and is usually caused by sexually transmitted diseases.

oTHER REPORDUCTIVE DISORDERS INCLUDE CYSTS AND CANCERS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. eARLY DETECTION CONTRIBUTESTO SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT.

Multiple Choice

What is the percent of woman that are affected by infertility?

• 16

• 8

• 21

• 10