Gr 11 Review on Coasts

Review on Coastal Processes, Landforms and Management

Areas to be covered

Coastal Management

• Coastal Management Strategies

• Impacts of Coastal Management

Key Terms related to Coastal Processes, Landforms and Management

Coastal processes

• Waves

• Longshore Drift

• Erosion and Deposition

Coastal Landforms:

• Headlands and Bays

• Cliffs and Wave-Cut Platforms

• Spits, Bars, and Tombolos

• Caves, Arches, and Stacks

Coastal Processes

Multiple Choice

With a ................................... wave, the swash is stronger than the backwash.

• destructive

• constructive

• swash

• backwash

Multiple Choice

With a ................................... wave, the backwash is stronger than the swash.

• destructive

• constructive

• swash

• backwash

Multiple Choice

The movement of water up the beach after the breaking of a wave is...

• Swash
• Backwash

Multiple Choice

The movement of material along a coast by waves that approach at an angle to the shore but recede straight down the beach is called...

• Longshore drift
• Swash
• Backwash
• Recession

Multiple Choice

The type of erosion that occurs when pebbles bang together

• Abrasion
• Attrition
• Hydraulic action
• Solution

Multiple Choice

Which feature cannot be seen in this image?

• Stump
• Arch
• Cliff
• Cave

Multiple Choice

What coastal defence can be seen in this image?

• Groyne
• Sea wall
• Gabions
• Revetments

Multiple Choice

When swash is stronger than backwash it creates a

• Constructive wave
• Destructive wave
• Water layer weathering
• Plunging wave

Multiple Choice

This is

• Longshore Drift
• Nearshore currents
• Attrition
• Undertow

Multiple Choice

This is a

• Headland
• Stack
• Arch
• Bay

Multiple Choice

This is a

• Headland
• Stack
• Arch
• Bay

Multiple Choice

I happen when the waves don't have enough energy to carry sediment

• Deposition
• Erosion
• Swash
• Backwash

Multiple Choice

What is this type of wave?

• Constructive wave

• Destructive wave

Multiple Choice

What is this type of wave?

• Coast building - constructive

• Coast destroying - destructive

Multiple Choice

The movement of material along a coast by waves that approach at an angle to the shore but recede straight down the beach is called...

• Longshore drift
• Swash
• Backwash
• Recession

Coastal Landforms

Multiple Choice

Identify this coastal landform.

• Spit

• Tombolo

• Headland

• Sandbar

Multiple Choice

Identify this coastal landform.

• Spit

• Tombolo

• Headland

• Sandbar

Multiple Choice

Identify this coastal landform:

a wide gently-sloping surface found at the foot of a cliff.

• Spit

• cliff

• wave cut platform

• cave

Multiple Choice

Which of these is created by deposition?

• cave

• Sea stack

• bay

• beach

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not created by deposition?

• cave

• spit

• dune

• beach

Multiple Choice

Identify the landform.

• Sea arch

• Tombolo

• Sea Stack

• Stump

Multiple Choice

Identify the landform type.

• Sea Stack

• Sea Stump

• Arch

• Bay

Multiple Choice

Bays are created by:

• Deposition

• Erosion

• Weathering

• Transportation

Multiple Choice

Identify the landform type.

• Sand Bar

• Tombolo

• Spit

• Peninsula

Multiple Choice

True or false? Sea Stacks are created by erosion and weathering.

• True

• False

Coastal Management

Multiple Choice

Identify the coastal defense feature.

• Sea wall

• groyne

• breakwater

• barrages

Multiple Choice

Identify the coastal defense feature.

• revetment

• sea wall

• groyne

• breakwaters

Multiple Choice

Identify the coastal defense feature.

• sea wall

• revetment

• gabion

• groyne

Multiple Choice

Identify the coastal defense feature.

• sea wall

• revetment

• rock armour

• groyne

Multiple Choice

Which type of coastal management involves building artificial structures that try to control natural processes?

• hard engineering

• soft engineering

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to hard engineering coastal management strategies?

• A natural approach to managing the coast

• Last a short amount of time

• Tend to be expensive

• Increase erosion further along the coast

Multiple Choice

Identify the different types of hard engineering used to protect the coast in the image above.

• Rock armour, groyne and sea wall

• Rock armour, groyne and revetment

• Sea wall, groyne and gabion

• Rock armour, groyne and gabion

Multiple Choice

Why are coastlines important?

• They are a place for people to live and work

• They are a habitat for wildlife

• They are a place for people to live and work and a habitat for wildlife

Multiple Choice

What is a disadvantage of groynes?

• They stop the process of longshore drift and so they stop sediment from reaching beaches further down the coast.

• They don't last very long

• They involve the loss of land

Multiple Choice

What is a major environmental benefit for sand dune regeneration?

• Sand dune protect land uses behind them, allowing housing to be protected.

• Small planting projects often use volunteer labour and local grass so costs are kept down.

• Dune regeneration create a habitat for warblers, night jars and sand lizards.

• A nourished beach blends in with the environment

Multiple Choice

What is the dumping of new sand onto an eroded beach to restore it?

• barrier island

• beach nourishment

• dredging

• jetty

Multiple Choice

What is the main disadvantage of a sea wall?

• Aesthetically displeasing

• Encourages tourism, and thus litter

• Creates strong backwash, causing erosion beneath the wall

• Expensive

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT a management strategy for defending the coast?

• Hard engineering

• Soft engineering

• Managed engineering

• Managed retreat

Multiple Choice

If the photo is facing south, which direction is longshore drift working in?

• west to east

• east to west

• south to north

• north to south

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following is a soft engineering technique?

• Groynes
• Dune stabilisation
• Rip rap
• Revetments

Multiple Choice

What type of areas are typically subjected to the management technique of managed retreat?

• Low value areas e.g. farmland
• Low lying areas
• Housing estates
• High value retail areas

Multiple Choice

Is there any cost associated with managed retreat?

• No - no techniques are put in place
• Yes - techniques are put in place
• No - this is a soft engineering method
• Yes - compensation has to be offered

Multiple Choice

A recurved sea wall is effective because it...

• Is not particularly expensive
• Stops erosion of the coastline
• Deflects wave energy back out to sea