Review - Chapter 8, Lesson 1

The Periodic Puzzle

Unlocking the Secrets of the Elements

Dmitri Mendeleev

• Created first Periodic Table of Elements in 1869

• Noticed a pattern in the elements

• Grouped similar elements to form groups

• Arranged elements in increasing order of atomic mass

• Left blanks for missing/undiscovered elements

Parts of an Atom

• Nucleus: Contains protons and neutrons

• Electrons: Orbit around the nucleus, have a negative charge

• Protons: Positively charged particles in the nucleus

• Neutrons: Neutral particles in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

What are the particles that orbit around the nucleus?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Positively charged particles

The Periodic Table:

• Introduction: The Periodic Table is a tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.

• Elements: It consists of 118 elements, including metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

• Structure: The table is divided into periods (rows) and groups (columns) that share similar properties.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?

• To organize chemical elements based on their atomic number

• To classify elements into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

• To predict chemical reactions and discover new elements

• To unlock the secrets of the elements

The Periodic Table

The periodic table is organized by atomic number, which represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. Elements are arranged in rows called periods and columns called groups. The atomic number increases from left to right and top to bottom. This arrangement helps us understand the properties and relationships between elements.

Multiple Choice

How is the periodic table organized?

• By atomic mass

• By number of neutrons

• By number of electrons

• By atomic number

The Periodic Table

Unlocking the Secrets of the Elements: Groups and Periods are the building blocks. Groups are vertical columns with similar properties, while Periods are horizontal rows indicating energy levels. Understanding these concepts is crucial for comprehending the periodic table.

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of the periodic table?

• Elements and Energy Levels

• Groups and Periods

• Vertical and Horizontal Rows

• Similar and Crucial Properties

Groups and Periods

Groups-
-18 columns on table
-also known as families
-Group 1 on the left, Group 18 on the right
-Elements in each group have similar characteristics
Periods-
-7 rows on table
-metals on left, nonmetals on right, metalloids in between

The Periodic Puzzle

• Unlocking the Secrets of the Elements: Discover the mysteries behind metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

• Metals: Shiny, good conductors of heat and electric current. Are malleable and ductile.

• Nonmetals: Dull (not shiny), poor conductors of heat and electric current, brittle and unmalleable.

• Metalloids: Have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some shiny, some dull; somewhat malleable; some conduct heat and electric current.

Metalloids:

• Act as intermediate elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals
• Unlock the secrets of the elements
• Understand their unique characteristics
• Explore their applications in everyday life

Multiple Choice

What is the role of metalloids?

• To unlock the secrets of the elements

• To understand their unique characteristics

• To explore their applications in everyday life

• To act as intermediate elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals