Present tenses

Present tenses

I learn. We learn.

You learn. You learn.

He/she/it learnS. They learn.
​

1) Present simple (přítomný čas prostý)

Multiple Choice

When do we use the present simple?

• to talk about habits, general facts, permanent situations and timetabled events

• to talk about actions happening now or around now, temporary situations and future actions that are decided

Signal words:

always, usually, often, never, sometimes, seldom, every week, every Monday, once a week, twice a year, every month, from time to time...

When you see this in a sentence, ALWAYS use present simple!

I don't speak English.

He doesn't play tennis.

I am not lazy.

Negatives:

Do you speak English?

Does he play tennis?

Are you lazy?

Questions:

Present simple - questions and negatives

• U oznamovacích kladných vět se přidává ke slovesu S u třetí osoby (he,she,it)

• Záporné věty se tvoří pomocí don't nebo doesn't, případně jen přidáním 'not' - I'm not happy.

• U otázek dáváme na začátek věty Do/Does, případně sloveso být - Are you happy?

Summary

Structure:
Podmět + pomocné sloveso BÝT + významnové sloveso s koncovkou -ING
- I am learning English.
- The baby is sleeping.
- They are coming.
​

2) Present continuous/progressive (přítomný čas průběhový)

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct option:

• He drink coffee.

• He is drinking coffee.

• He are drinking coffee.

• He drinking coffee.

When do we use it?

• pokud se něco děje právě teď nebo okolo současnosti (dočasně)

• blízké budoucí plány

• otravné zlozvyky, dočasné zvyky

  SIGNAL WORDS:

  now, right now, at the moment, currently

  (další záleží na kontextu, viz obrázek) ->

Multiple Choice

When do we use the present continuous?

• to talk about habits, general facts, permanent situations and timetabled events

• to talk about actions happening now or around now, temporary situations and future actions that are decided

Questions and negatives

Questions:

What are you doing?
Is Josh working?
Are they sleeping?
! pouze prohodíme podmět a pomocné sloveso

Negatives:

I am not doing anything.
Josh is not working.
We are not sleeping.

! pouze přidáme 'not' za pomocné sloveso

Multiple Choice

They ________ studying now.

• not studying

• don't studying

• are not studying

• is not studying

But...

Stative verbs (stavová slovesa) označující stavy, pocity, smysly, myšlenky apod. se nedají použít v průběhové formě ani v případě, že mluvíme o 'tady a teď '.
Patří sem například:
Love, hate, like, smell, see, hear, believe, have, be, know, remember, recognize, hope, wish a mnoho dalších.

Tato slovesa použijte v jejich prosté podobě.

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct sentence:

• The hamburger is smelling delicious!

• The hamburger smells delicious.

• The hamburger smell delicious.

I am teaching. = I'm doing it right now.
He is playing footbal this afternoon. = it's his future plan

Present continuous

I teach. = it's my job, I do it everyday.
He plays football. = it's his ability, he does it regularly
BUT NOT AT THE MOMENT

Present simple

Summary

Multiple Choice

Water ________ at 100 degrees.

• boils

• is boiling

Multiple Choice

The shop _____ at 9.

• close

• is closing

• closes

Multiple Choice

We _________ our grandma today.

• visit

• is visiting

• visiting

• are visiting

Multiple Choice

I ____ a book every evening.

• read

• am reading