Cell Unit

Benchmarks.

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Cell Unit Review

Prokaryote VS. Eukaryote

Nucleus present
Membrane-bound organelles ​
example: fungi, protist, plant and animal cells

Eukaryote

No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
example: bacteria

Prokaryote

Multiple Choice

Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?

• nucleus

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

• cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which does only eukaryotic cells contain?

• nucleus

• DNA

• cell membrane

• ribosomes

Multiple Choice

You can distinguish a prokaryote apart from a nucleus by--

• The presence of a ribosome

• The presence of a cell membrane

• The presence of DNA

• The presence of a nuclear membrane

Multiple Choice

A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?

• prokaryote
• eukaryote
• plant cell
• animal cell

​Plant and Animal Cells

synthesizes ATP

​packages proteins
transports proteins
stores genetic information
contains digestive enzymes

Function

Mitochondria

​Golgi Body
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleus
Lysosome

Organelle

Cell Organelles

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the Golgi complex?

• To produce proteins

• To package, sort, and ship proteins

• To use ribosomes to make proteins

• To produce ATP

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

• Helps produce ATP

• Helps produce lipids

• Helps produce proteins, folds them, and ships them out

• Helps produce hormones

Multiple Choice

Cells often store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates in sac-like structures called:

• Vacuoles

• Lysosomes

• Chloroplasts

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

The cell membrane is selectively permeable. Depending on its electric charge, shape, and chemical properties, a substance may or may not be allowed to pass through the cell membrane. This function of the cell membrane is important because it –

• prevents cell division.

• prevents destruction of the cell.

• allows the cell to maintain homeostasis.

• allows genetic information to move into and out of the cell.

Multiple Choice

If a cell’s lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?

• The cell would produce more proteins than it needs.

• The cell would have chloroplasts that appear yellow rather than green.

• The cell would be less able to break down molecules in its cytoplasm.

• The cell would not be able to maintain fluid in its cytoplasm.

Multiple Choice

Which organelle is correctly matched with the cell

process it performs?

• Vacuole – protein synthesis in leaf cells

• Mitochondrion – photosynthesis in the plant cell

• Nucleus – Packaging center of the cell

• Endoplasmic Reticulum – Transporting materials throughout the cell

Cell Transport

Active and Passive transport

Diffusion

• When particles move from high concentration to low concentration.

• Some objects can easily pass through the cell membrane without assistance

Facilitated Diffusion

• A channel or protein is used to help move big particles into and out of the cell

• They do not require ATP or energy to move in and out

Active Transport-Membrane Pump

• A membrane pump moves substances against the concentration gradient

• It can substances from a low concentration to a high concentration

Endocytosis

• This allows the cell to move larger objects into the cell by engulfing the object and moving it into the cell.

Multiple Choice

Which form of transport is being shown in the diagram.

• diffusion
• osmosis
• facilitated diffusion
• active transport

Multiple Choice

If the sodium concentration inside a cell is greater than outside the cell, how can a cell take in more sodium?

• osmosis
• diffusion
• active transport
• passive transport

Multiple Choice

Cells use energy to move materials across a membrane (low to high concentration).

• Active transport
• Passive transport
• Diffusion
• Osmosis

Multiple Choice

Energy is released from ATP when

• a phosphate group is added
• adenine bonds to ribose
• ATP is exposed to sunlight
• a phosphate group is removed

Multiple Choice

Particles are removed from a cell (pushed out).

• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis
• Permeable
• In high concentration

Multiple Choice

Which type of active transport uses a vesicle to allow a large molecule to exit the cell?

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

Multiple Choice

A type of active transport that brings particles into a cell when the cell membrane encloses a particle to make a vesicle

• Diffusion
• Passive Transport
• Active Transport
• Endocytosis

Multiple Choice

Facilitated diffusion is the movement of materials into and out of the cell

• with the use of energy
• with the use of proteins but no energy
• by moving water
• by using ATP

Multiple Choice

The  movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration is called

• diffusion
• osmosis
• facilitated diffusion
• active transport

ATP

• Adenosine Triphosphate

• Adenine, Ribose, Triphosphate Group

• Breaking of a bond produces energy

• when ATP Breaks a phosphate group it is now known as ADP

Multiple Choice

Which cellular organelle is responsible for manufacturing ATP?

• Ribosome
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Energy is released from ATP when

• a phosphate group is added
• adenine bonds to ribose
• ATP is exposed to sunlight
• a phosphate group is removed

Drag and Drop

This is a picture of a ​

Placeholder

where ​

Placeholder

occurs, using light energy to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

chloroplast

photosynthesis

mitochondrion

cell respiration

Multiple Choice

Analyze the graphic above. What are the chemicals represented by the X?

• H₂O + O₂

• H₂O + CO₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + CO₂

Multiple Choice

Which of the following chemical equations properly demonstrates Cellular Respiration? Choose the BEST answer.

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ --> H₂O + CO₂

• H₂O + CO₂ -> C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ -> 6 H₂O + 6 CO₂

• 6 H₂O + 6 CO₂ -> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂

Photosynthesis

A chemical process by which green plants make their food. Plants use energy from the sun to turn water and carbon dioxide into food, and they give off oxygen as a by-product.

Chlorophyll

The green substance in plants that uses light to manufacture food from carbon dioxide and water.

Multiple Choice

Where does photosynthesis take place?

• in the roots

• under the leaves

• in chloroplasts

• in chromosomes

Multiple Choice

What part does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?

• It transports sugar and water to a plants leaves

• It captures the sun's energy

• It drinks water from the soil the plant is in.

• It breathes in the carbon dioxide.

Multiple Choice

What are water and carbon dioxide converted into by the end of photosynthesis?

• air and sunlight

• water and air

• sugar and water

• sugar and oxygen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

• CO₂ + light + H₂O --> O₂ + Sugar
• CO₂ + sugar + H₂O --> O₂ + light
• _O2 + light + H₂O --> CO₂ + Sugar
• CO₂ + O₂ + H₂O --> Light+ Sugar