Translation

What happens after
Transcription?

★Once in the ribosomes, the tRNA
pairs up with the rRNA – ribosomal
RNA - which takes the message from
the mRNA and translates it from
nucleotide language into amino acids.
These amino acids bond together and
become proteins.

★Transcription creates mRNA –
messenger RNA - which sends
messages from DNA to the cytoplasm
and to the ribosomes.

★The tRNA – transfer RNA - helps to
transfer the mRNA to the ribosomes,
but does so only 3 codons at a time.

direction

Match

Match the following

• Transcription

• Translation

• mRNA

Nucleus

Ribosome

Nucleus, Cytoplasm & Ribosomes

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Nucleus, Cytoplasm & Ribosomes

Translating RNA into an

Amino Acid

1.

You receive a DNA message.
a.

For example, ATA

2.

You transcribe it into RNA
a.

The ATA changes to UAU

3.

You translate it into a protein. To do this
with the wheel:
a.

Start at the center and find the big U

b.

Then, move out to the next layer and
find the A

c.Then, move out to the next layer and
find the next U

d.

Finally, move to the outside and locate
the amino acid, which we call Tyr
(short for Tyrosine)

Directions: Use the codon chart to answer the questions below.

Question: Translate the codons provided into
amino acids.

Codon

Amino Acid

CCC

CAG

UAC

GGG

AUU

Match

Match the following

• UUU
• UAG

• AUG

• GUG

• UGG

Phenyl-alanine

Stop

Methionine (Start)

Valine

Tryptophan

• Phenyl-alanine
• Stop

• Methionine (Start)

• Valine

• Tryptophan

Reorder

Reorder the following amino acids if given this mRNA strand:

AUG UCC CCA CUC UAA

• Methionine

• Serine

• Proline

• Leucine

• Stop

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

In Summary...

DNA

RNA

Sugar is deoxyribose

Sugar is ribose

Double stranded helix

Single stranded helix

Uses Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine
(C)... but also uses Thymine (T)

Uses Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine
(C)... but also uses Uracil (U)

Made via DNA synthesis

Made via transcription

Only 1 main type in a somatic (body)
cell’s nucleus

Has 3 main types (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) in
a cell.

Sends out messages, tells your body
what to do

Transcribes and translates messages on
DNA’s behalf

Open Ended

Compare DNA and RNA... Give 3 Differences & 2 Similarities