First and Second conditionals

First and Second Conditional

First Conditional

It's used to talk about things that might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily happen.

You can use the first conditional to talk about predictions and plans.

There are two parts to a conditional sentence. There is an if-clause (also called the conditional-clause) and a main-clause or result-clause. The if-clause contains the condition (the event or situation that must happen first), and the main-clause, which is the result. The two events are connected. One event or situation is a condition for another event or situation.

First Conditional Structure

Condition (If clause) Result(main clause)


If + subject+(V.) present simple, subject +will/won't + (v.)infinitive

Examples:

• If you don’t study hard, you’ll have bad grades.

• If we go to the museum, we’ll see dinosaur bones.

 You can make one or both clauses negative:

• If you don’t put your toys away, you won’t get any dessert.

• If you don’t study, you won’t get into a good university.

• If I go out tonight, I won’t go out tomorrow night.

You can change the order of the clauses:

• My mom will be angry if I’m late tonight.

• You’ll be late for work if you don’t hurry.

Second Conditional

We can use it to talk about impossible or imaginary situations:

If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.

She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

Structure

Condition(If clause) Result(main clause)



If + subject+ (v.) past simple, subject + would + (v.)infinitive

We can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true:

• If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).

• If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.

Now, please answer this!

use the 1st and 2nd conditional forms.

Multiple Choice

If you study hard,you______ pass the test.

• WOULD

• WILL

Multiple Choice

If I had a lot of money, I ______ buy a big yacht.

• WOULD

• WILL

Multiple Choice

If I were rich, _______two yachts.

• I'll have

• I had

• I'd have

Multiple Choice

You ______ pass your exams if you study hard.

• WOULD

• WILL

Multiple Choice

I __________ worry if I were you.

• WON'T

• WOULDN'T

Multiple Choice

I __________ to university if my marks are good.

• go

• will go

• would go

Multiple Choice

If I ________younger, I would change my job.

• were

• am

• would

Multiple Choice

If the weather is fine, we ___________to school.

• walked

• will walk

• would walk

Multiple Choice

I _____________a dog if I had a garden.

• get

• will get

• would get

Multiple Choice

You will catch the train if you __________earlier

• leaves

• leave

• would leave

Multiple Choice

My sister cries if she ............................ a nightmare.

• have

• has

• won't have