Ecology Test Review

Ecology Test Review

Ecological Relationships

​Commensalism- One organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Mutualism- Both organisms benefit
Parasitism- One organism benefits and the other is harmed.

​Competition: Two organisms compete for the same resources
Predation: One organism eats the other

Multiple Choice

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle are unaware if they are there or not.

• mutualism

• commensalism

• competition

• parasitism

Multiple Choice

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit

• Mutualism

• Competition

• Parasitsm

• Commensalism

Multiple Choice

Fungi form lichens (a small plant) by living in a close relationship with algae. The fungus provides a protective home for the algae, and gathers nutrients from rainwater. The algae gathers energy from the sun using photosynthesis. Both organisms share nutrients with each other.

• commensalism

• mutualism

• parasitism

• predation

Multiple Choice

Hookworms can enter the body of animals or even humans. The hookworm attaches to the lining of the intestinal wall and feeds on blood. Its eggs are ejected into the digestive tract and the larvae (young hookworms) that hatch live off of the host’s blood. The host can suffer from blood loss, anemia and iron deficiency.

• commensalism

• mutualism

• parasitism

• predation

Multiple Choice

Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whales. 

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from a spruce tree. The spruce tree is harmed. 

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Two male Giraffes are fighting over the last green leaf of a tree that is dying.  

• Competition
• Mutualsim
• Predation
• Commensalism

Multiple Choice

Hermit Crabs live in shells made and then abandoned by snails.

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Competition

Multiple Choice

In a parasitic relationship, one organism is ___________ and one organism is benefiting. 

• helped
• harmed
• not effected
• happy

Multiple Choice

In a mutual relationship, both organisms are ________________. 

• hurt
• not effected
• harmed
• benefiting 

Multiple Choice

Commensalism is where one organism is benefiting and the other organism is _____________________. 

• not effected
• helped
• harmed
• hurt

Multiple Choice

A coyote captures, kills, and eats a rabbit. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

• mutualism
• commensalism
• parasitism
• predation

Food Chains/Food Webs

​Autotrophs: Make their own food
Heterotrophs: Consume (eat) other organisms

​Food webs are a series of food chains put together

Multiple Choice

Which is a producer?

• deer
• tall grass
• lion
• worm

Multiple Choice

An organism that lives by breaking apart dead organic matter into simpler parts is...

• scavenger
• consumer
• decomposer
• carnivore

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a food chain in the food web?

• Rabbit, mountain lion, fox

• Grass, grasshopper, frog, snake, hawk

• Grass, caterpillar, robin, mountain lion

• Tree, deer, mountain lion, fox

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is defined as a consumer that must get its food from a different source than itself?

• Producer

• Heterotroph

• Autotroph

• Homotroph

Match

Match the following:

• Producer/Autotroph

• Secondary Consumer

• Tertiary Consumer

• Apex Predator

• Herbivore

Plant

Bird

Snake

Owl

Grasshopper

• Plant

• Bird

• Snake

• Owl

• Grasshopper

Multiple Choice

What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?

• The insects in the habitat would increase.
• The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
• The willow tree population would decrease.
• Foxes would dies due to no food source. 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a herbivore?

• cricket
• frog
• hawk
• shrew

Multiple Choice

Who are the producers in this food web?

• Lizard and hawk

• Grasshopper and mouse

• Grass

• Mouse and snake

Multiple Choice

What trophic level would you consider the deer to be in this food web?

• Primary consumer

• Secondary Consumer

• Tertiary Consumer

• Producers

Multiple Choice

Which organisms below are considred secondary consumers in this food web?

(Take your time and remember, they may be more than one trophic level.)

• Foxes, Mice and Grasshoppers

• Birds, Rabbits and Owls

• Only Owls

• Birds, Owls and Foxes

Multiple Choice

Which organisms below are considred tertiary consumers in this food web?

(Take your time and remember, they may be more than one trophic level.)

• Foxes, Mice and Grasshoppers

• Birds and Foxes

• Only Foxes

• Only Owls

Multiple Choice

Which organism in the food web has the most energy from the sun?

• Tomato plant

• Lion

• Fox

• Rattlesnake

Energy Pyramids

Multiple Choice

In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.

• Increases
• Decreases
• Stays the same
• Changes up and down

Multiple Choice

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers

• Carnivores

• Herbivores

• Top Predator

Multiple Choice

In this energy pyramid, which organism has the least amount of energy available?

• Producers

• Herbivores

• Carnivores

• Top Predator

Multiple Choice

If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?

• 10 Kcal
• 1 Kcal
• 100 Kcal
• 1000 Kcal

Multiple Choice

After completing your calculations, what is the average amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next?

• 90%

• 70%

• 50%

• 10%

Multiple Choice

Using the diagram provided, which of the following energy pyramids best represents the data?

Multiple Choice

If there is 1000 Kcal available at the producers level, how much energy is available in the primary consumers level?

• 100 Kcal

• 10 Kcal

• 1 Kcal

• 1000 Kcal

Multiple Choice

In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?

• 80%
• 90%
• 10%
• 20%

Multiple Choice

If there is 2000 kcal (units) of energy at the producer level in this particular ecosystem, how many kcal of energy will be available for hawk?

• 2000 kcal

• 200 kcal

• 20 kcal

• 2 kcal

• 0.2 kcal