8.9.2-Earth's Motion

Chapter 9
Sun-Earth-Moon
Systems
8.9.2-Earth's Motion



Mrs. Freeman's Classroom (notes to print)

The Moon

All about Earth's natural satellite!

What do you ALREADY know

about the moon?

Anything at all!?!

Open Ended

What do you already know about the moon?

Open Ended

What do you WANT to know about the moon?

Do you have any questions?

Some Facts about the Moon!

• The moon is a large natural satellite of Earth

• The moon is made of rock and metal (like the terrestrial planets)

• The moon formed when a Mars-sized object collided with Earth

• The moon is larger than Pluto (and almost as big as Mercury)

• Humans first went to the moon in 1969

• ... and haven't gone again since 1972.

Multiple Choice

What year did humans first land on the moon?

• 1963

• 1969

• 1972

• 1989

Multiple Choice

Tricky Question: What year did humans LAST land on the moon?

• 1963

• 1972

• 1997

• 2012

Multiple Choice

What is the moon made out of?

• dense gases

• rock and metal

• rock and ice

• cheese

How the moon

was made:

An object about the size of Mars collided with the Earth, knocking tons of debris into space. Gravity collected the debris into a large mass known as the moon.

Multiple Select

According to the video, which minerals are found on the moon?

(select all that apply!)

• Silicon

• Magnesium

• Oxygen

• Iron

Multiple Choice

How old is the moon?

• 4.5 million years

• 4.5 billion years

• 6.8 million years

• 100 million years

The moon

• The moon does not produce any light on its own.

• The light we see coming from the moon is actually light reflected from the sun, kind of like a mirror.

• The part of the moon that we see is the part that is receiving light from the sun at that time

Multiple Choice

The moon is visible to us because light is hitting it from the _____.

• Earth

• Sun

• Moon

The Sun's Light

• The sun is the strongest source of light in our solar system.

• Every moon and planet that is visible in our solar system is reflecting light from the sun.

• The reflected light enters our eyes and that is what allows us to see.

The Moon's Phases

• As the moon orbits the Earth, we can see a different amount of the moon is lit by the sun from our perspective on Earth.

• Sometimes the moon is completely lit, and other times it is completely dark.

• This happens because the Moon is orbiting the Earth, just like the Earth is orbiting the Sun

What is the Moon Like?

• The moon has many unusual structures.

• Dark, flat areas called Maria are hardened rock formed from huge lava flows that occurred 3-4 billion years go.

• The singular form of maria is mare.

• Large round pits called craters can be hundreds of km across.

Multiple Choice

Dark, flat areas called ________ are hardened rock formed from huge lava flows that occurred 3-4 billion years go.

• Maria

• Craters

• Holes

Multiple Choice

Large round pits called _________ can be hundreds of km across.

• Maria

• Craters

• Holes

Multiple Choice

Some of the light-colored features you can see on the moon’s surface are ____________, or mountains.

• highland

• lowlands

• canyons

What is the Moon Like?

• The moon is smaller and less dense than Earth.

• It’s diameter is about one fourth of Earth’s diameter.

• It has only one eightieth as much mass as Earth.

Multiple Select

The moon is ________ and _____ dense than Earth.

• smaller

• less

• more

• larger

What is the Moon Like?

• Temperatures on the moon vary greatly because the moon does not have an atmosphere.

• The moon’s surface gravity is so weak that gases can easily escape into space.

• The moon has no liquid water.

• However, there may be patches of ice near the moon’s poles.

Multiple Choice

Why does the moon vary in temperature?

• The moon doesn't have an atmosphere

• The moon does have an atmosphere

• The moon doesn't have an breathable oxygen

What is the Moon Like?

• Scientists have suggested many possible theories for how the moon formed.

• The collision-ring theory seems best to fit the evidence.

• This theory holds that a planet-sized rocky object collided with Earth to form the moon.

Multiple Choice

What theory holds that a planet-sized rocky object collided with Earth to form the moon?

• collision-ring theory

• ring-collision theory

What is the Moon Like?

• Materials from the object and Earth’s outer layers was ejected into object around Earth, where it formed a ring.

• Gravity caused this material to clump together to form the moon.

Multiple Select

The moon is _____ and ________ and has in irregular surface.

• dry

• airless

• arid

Multiple Select

Compared to Earth, the moon is __________ and has large variations in its surface ______________.

• small

• temperature

• large

• area

Multiple Choice

Dark, flat areas called ________ are hardened rock formed from huge lava flows that occurred 3-4 billion years go.

• Maria

• Craters

• Holes

Multiple Choice

Large round pits called _________ can be hundreds of km across.

• Maria

• Craters

• Holes

Multiple Choice

Some of the light-colored features you can see on the moon’s surface are ____________, or mountains.

• highland

• lowlands

• canyons

Multiple Select

The moon is ________ and _____ dense than Earth.

• smaller

• less

• more

• larger

Multiple Choice

Why does the moon vary in temperature?

• The moon doesn't have an atmosphere

• The moon does have an atmosphere

• The moon doesn't have an breathable oxygen

Multiple Choice

Why can gases easily escape the moon?

• Surface gravity is weak

• Surface gravity is strong

Multiple Choice

What theory holds that a planet-sized rocky object collided with Earth to form the moon?

• collision-ring theory

• ring-collision theory

Moon Phases

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent
• waxing crescent
• waning gibbous
• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter

• Third Quarter

• New Moon

• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter

• Third Quarter

• New Moon

• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter

• Third Quarter

• New Moon

• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent

• waxing crescent

• waning gibbous

• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter

• Last Quarter

• New Moon

• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase that would come AFTER this moon.

• waning crescent

• waxing crescent

• waning gibbous

• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

When the lit part of the moon is getting smaller, we call that ...

• Waxing

• Waning

Multiple Choice

Waxing means...

• Growing

• Dying

• Losing light

• Moving

Multiple Choice

What is the missing lunar phase?

• Third Quarter

• Waxing Crescent

• New Moon

• Waning Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Which lunar phase is occurring at S?

• New Moon

• Full Moon

• waning crescent

• waxing crescent

Multiple Choice

What is the missing phase?

Multiple Choice

What is the missing phase?

Multiple Choice

What is the missing phase?

Multiple Choice

What causes the phases of the moon?

• Earth's revolution around the sun

• the moon's revolution around Earth

• Earth's movement around the moon

• the sun's movement around the moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent

• first quarter

• waning gibbous

• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order of the moon phases?

• new, full, 1st quarter, 3rd quarter

• new moon, 1st quarter, full moon, 3rd quarter

• 1st quarter, 3rd quarter, new moon, full moon

• new, 1st quarter, 3rd quarter, full

Multiple Choice

Which moon phase is shown in this diagram?

• new moon

• 1st quarter

• full moon

• 3rd quarter

Multiple Choice

What phase is this?

• Waning Gibbous Moon
• Waxing Gibbous Moon
• Waning Crescent Moon
• Waxing Crescent Moon

Multiple Choice

Which moon phase is shown in this diagram?

• new moon

• first quarter

• full moon

• 3rd quarter

Multiple Choice

What moon would you expect to see on March 23rd?

Multiple Choice

If the last full moon was on April 4th, when can you expect to see the next full moon?

• April 29th

• July 4th

• May 4th

• September 12th

Multiple Choice

Which lunar phase will complete the pattern?

• Last quarter

• New moon

• Full moon

• Waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

Which lunar phase is visible when the moon is in this position?

• New moon

• Full moon

Multiple Choice

Use the calendar to predict the moon phase on March 9th.

• New Moon

• Full Moon

• Third Quarter

• First Quarter

Multiple Choice

The cycle of the moon lasts about a _.

• day

• year

• week

• month

Order of the Lunar Cycle

New Moon: the near side of the moon is unlit and there appears to be no moon in the sky

Waxing: the moon at any time after a new moon and before a full moon

Waning: the moon at any time after a full moon and before a new moon

Crescent: the figure of the moon in it first or last quarter, resembling a segment of a ring or croissant, tapering at the ends

Gibbous: having the illuminated part of the moon greater

than a semicircle and less than a circle

Quarter: 50% of the moon illumination is visible

Full: occurs when the moon is completely illuminated

How we see the Moon

• From Earth

How we see the moon?

• From Space

Multiple Choice

The 1st Quarter moon is lit on the:

• Left Side
• Right Side

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• Waning Crescent
• Waxing Crescent
• Waning Gibbous
• Waxing Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Define Gibbous

• Less than half of moon visible
• More than half of moon visible
• All of moon visible
• None of moon visible

Multiple Choice

Changes in the moon's appearance are

• phases
• eclipses
• stages
• cycle

Multiple Choice

The cycle of the moon lasts about a _.

• day
• year
• week
• month

Multiple Choice

Which moon phase is when you can't see the moon at all?

• Waning crescent
• Full moon
• Waxing gibbous
• New moon

Multiple Choice

What is illuminating the Moon?

• Nuclear Fusion
• Sunlight
• Mirrors
• Flood Lights

Multiple Choice

Name the phase of the moon for letter f

• Waning Gibbous
• Waxing Gibbous
• Waning Crescent
• Waxing Crescent

Multiple Choice

Name the phase of the moon for letter a

• First Quarter
• Last Quarter
• Waxing Gibbous
• Waning Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter
• Last Quarter
• New Moon
• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter
• Last Quarter
• New Moon
• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter
• Last Quarter
• New Moon
• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent
• waxing crescent
• waning gibbous
• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent
• waxing crescent
• waning gibbous
• waxing gibbous

Percentage of Illumination

How much of the side of the moon that we see