Dec 18th

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Types of Proteins

​1)Integral Proteins: Proteins that are permanently embedded in the plasma membrane. Insulin receptors, which allow for the movement of glucose (a type of sugar) into the cell, are an integral protein.

2) Peripheral Proteins: Proteins that are only temporarily attached to phospholipids or integral proteins.

3) Transmembrane Proteins: Proteins that cross the whole of the phospholipid bilayer. Proteins can be both transmembrane proteins and integral proteins. For example, aquaporins, which allow for water molecules to pass through the cell membrane, are integral transmembrane proteins.

Not enough solutes!
Too much solvents!
Ex: Drinking too much water

Hypotonic

Too many solutes !
Example: Drinking salt water!

Hypertonic

Solutions

Video Example

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrwCvHyWkjI

Multiple Choice

If the extra cellular fluid has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell, than that extra cellular fluid is _______ to the cell

• isotonic

• hypotonic

• hypertonic

Multiple Choice

The Cell has a 80% concreation of solvents and the extra cellular fluid has a 40% concreation of solvents. The cell is ______ to the extra cellular fluid, and the extra cellular fluid is ______ to the cell.

• The cell is hypotonic, the extra cellular fluid is hypertonic

• The cell is hypotonic, the extra cellular fluid is hypotonic

• The cell is hypertonic, the extra cellular fluid is hypertonic

• The cell is hypertonic, the extra cellular fluid is hypotonic

Multiple Choice

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

• It will swell

• It will remain unchanged

• It will shrink

Multiple Choice

Cells want to be ______ to the extracellular fluid

• isotonic

• hypotonic

• hypertonic

Multiple Select

Which of the following can cross the cell membrane via simple diffusion? (More than one answer)

• oxygen

• water

• sodium ions

• glucose

• non polar molecules

Multiple Choice

What role do proteins play in the cell membrane?

• Providing energy to the cell

• Maintaining the fluidity of the membrane

• Regulating the passage of substances

• Storing genetic information

Multiple Choice

An ion could cross the cell membrane via

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• Both B and C

• I'm not sure

Open Ended

What's the difference between an integral proteins and a

peripheral protein?

Sodium Potassium Pump Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkiaMiGnPuQ

Sodium Potassium Pump Functions

In Neurons: Neurons depend on sodium potassium pumps to create an electrochemical gradient to make electrical impulses, a.k.a thoughts
In all of your other cells: Use Sodium Potassium Pump to make a concentration gradient to power other processes, like the active transport of proteins.

Multiple Choice

The sodium potassium pump moves _____ out of the cell

• Sodium ions

• Potassium ions

• Sodium and potassium ions

Multiple Choice

True/False: All animal cells have a sodium potassium pump

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

"Diffusion of molecules down the concentration gradient with the help of a transport protein" is the best possible definition of what term?

• Active transport

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Passive Diffusion

Multiple Choice

Which process involves the movement of substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient?

• Facilitated diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active transport

• Simple diffusion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the cell membrane?

• Glycoproteins

• Integral Proteins

• Peripheral Proteins

• Protein Pumps

• Liposomes

Open Ended

What is an aquaporin?

Multiple Choice

If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

• It will swell

• It will remain unchanged

• It will shrink

Open Ended

Give two examples of diffusion in the real world.

Multiple Choice

What happens during endocytosis?

• Vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and release molecules outside of the cell.

• Vesicles form and are brought into the cell

• Vesicles diffuse through channel proteins into the cell

• Vesicles are broken down by enzymes

Multiple Choice

Diffusion cannot take place without ________.

• Cellular respiration

• Active transport

• ATP

• A difference in concentration gradient

• Ions

Multiple Select

Select the two types of bulk transport

• exocytosis

• pinocytosis

• endocytosis

• phagocytosis

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

Drinking salt water turns your extracellular fluid into a

• hypotonic solution

• hypertonic solution

• Isotonic solution

Open Ended

Describe the difference between active transport, passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion.

Multiple Choice

This is a picture of

• endocytosis

• exocytosis

• I'm not sure

Multiple Choice

The Sodium Potassium Pump moves _____ potassium ions in exchange for ____ sodium ions

• one, two

• two, three

• three, four

• four, five

Open Ended

Describe the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis.

Multiple Choice

A plant cell shrinks due to

• turgor pressure

• Exocytosis

• plasmolysis

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Drinking distilled water would turn your extra cellular fluid into a

• hypotonic solution

• hypertonic solution

• isotonic solution

• None of the above

Open Ended

Describe the difference between a hypotonic and hypertonic solution.

What happens when you drink salt water?
Exocystsis
Endocytosis
Types of Proteins
Passive Diffusion
Turgor Pressure

.

Sodium Potassium Pump
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
Conc. Gradient
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic

Summary