Harakaat الحركات العربية

​الحركات العربية
Arabic Harakat

​In Arabic there are some marks on the letters that help us read the word in a right way and they are 6 marks (Harakaat).
They are not a part of the word structure.
We call them short vowels.
They are Fatha ( َ ), Kasra ( ِ ),Damma ( ُ ), Shadda ( ّ ) ,Tanween ( ً ٍ ٌ ) and Sokoon ( ْ )

The position of the Fatha is above the letter, it means the letters has an ( AA ) sound.

Fatha فتحة
( َ )

كَلت انهَاردة رز وفراخ - Kalt Enharda roz we ferakh - today I ate rice and chekin.
الجَو انهَاردَة حلو أوي - eggaw enharda helw awi - The weather today is lovely.
عَايزَة أشرَب قهوَة من فضلَك - `aiza ashrab `ahwa mn fadlak - I want to drink coffee please.
أنا عَايشَة في القَاهرَة - Ana `aysha felqahera - I live in Cairo.

Example مثال ( َ )

The position of the Kasra is Under the letter, it means the letters has an ( EE) sound.

Kasra كسرة
( ِ )

أنا بشتغل مدرِسة ألمانِي - Ana bashtaghal Modareset Almany - I work as a German teacher.
مِش بحِب أتفرج عالتِليفزيون كِتير - Mish baheb atfarag `attelefezion keteer - I don`t like watching TV alot.
صباح الخِير يا أمانِي - Sabah el kheer ya Amany - Good morning Amany.
أشوفِك بكرا إِن شاء الله - Ashofek Bokra Insha` allah - See you tomorrow (God`s willing).

Example مثال ( ِ )

The position of the Damma is above the letter, it means the letters has an ( OO) sound.

Damma ضمة
( ُ )

أنا بحب أكُل تٌفاح - Ana baheb `akol toffah - I like to eat apple.
الولد عندُه عربية لعبة - El walad `ando `arabeya le`ba - The boy has a toy car.
عندي شُغل بُكرا - `ande shoghl bokra - I have work tomorrow.
شعري لونُه بُني - Sha`ry lono bonne - My hair color is brown.

Example مثال ( ُ )

The posision of the shadda is above the letter, it means that we must stress on the letter, and the letter is repeated but in Arabic we don`t write two same letters behind each others in one word so we merge the two letters and put the shadda above it instead.
The sound of the letter depends on which Haraka comes with the Shadda.

Shadda شدة
( ّ )

بلعب كورة سلَّة - Bal`ab koret salla - I play basketball.
شغل النٌّور لو سمحت - Shaghal ennor law samaht - Turn the lights on please.
الشَّنطة الحمرا دي بتاعتي - Eshanta el hamra de bta`ty - This red bag is mine.
إقري من الكِّتاب - E`re mn ekketab - Read from the book.

Example مثال ( ّ )

The tanween comes in the 3 positions, we pronounce the regular sounds of Fatha, kasra and damma, but we add the sound ( N ) to it.
And it appears as two fatha or two damma above the letter or two kasra under the letter.
we don`t use ( Tanween ) very much in Egyptian dialect.

Tanween تنوين
( ً ٍ ٌ )

شكراً - Shokran - Thank you.
عفواً - `afwan - You are welcome.
فعلاً - Fe`lan - Indeed.
مثلاً - Masalan - For example.
جداً - Geddan - Very much.
أبداً - Abadan - Never

Tanween تنوين
( ً ٍ ٌ )

Sokoon mean that the letter is consonant, in Arabic the word never starts with a consonant letter.
We refer to it by a little circle above the letter ( ْ ).

Sokoon سكون
( ْ )

خُدْ الكِتاب معاك - Khod ekketab ma`ak - Take the book with you.
عَنْدَك قَهْوة لو سَمَحْتْ؟ - `andak `ahwa law samaht? - do you hane coffe please?
معايا ألْف جِنيْه - Ma`aya `alf genee - I have a 1000 pounds.

Example مثال
( ْ )