8.10.2-The Inner Planets

Chapter 10
The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.2-The Inner Planets




Mrs. Freeman's Classroom (Notes to Print

What we will discuss...

​LESSON 2
TN-8.ESS.1.2

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.2-The Inner Planets

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1. How are the inner planets similar?

2. Why is Venus hotter than Mercury?

3. What kind of atmosphere do the inner planets have?

Be sure to answer the questions as you complete the quiz. Turn in with your MASTERY SCORE (80% minimum or REDO) at the end.

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.2-The Inner Planets

Let's take a look at the first question we will answer:

1. How are the inner planets similar?

2.

3. .

The Inner Planets

Terrestrial Planets

Inner planets = Terrestrial planets

• Terra means "Earth" in Latin

• The four inner planets are called this because of three characteristics:

  • They are smaller than the outer planets

  • They have high densities

  • They have a rocky surface and metallic materials (ex: iron and silicon)

Multiple Choice

All the inner planets have an atmosphere except

• Venus

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

Multiple Select

Which planets have a solid rocky surface?

• Mercury

• Earth

• Venus

• Mars

Multiple Choice

What is the name given to the inner planets?

• Rocky worlds

• Dirt planets

• Terrestrial planets

• Gas giants

Multiple Choice

Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as what type of planets?

• Terrestrial Planets

• Javian Planets

Multiple Choice

The order of the planets...

• Mercury, venus, mars, earth

• venus,mercury,jupitor,mars

• mercury, venus earth, mars

• mercury, venus, earth, mercury

Multiple Choice

The word "terrestrial" comes from the Latin word terra. Based on what you know about the inner planets, what does the word terra mean?

• sky

• water

• earth

• ice

Multiple Choice

Which of the inner planets is marked "A" on the diagram at left?

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

Multiple Choice

Which of the inner planets is marked "B" on the diagram at left?

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

Multiple Choice

Which of the inner planets is marked "C" on the diagram at left?

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

Multiple Choice

Which of the inner planets is marked "D" on the diagram at left?

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

Multiple Choice

According to the table at left (click to enlarge), _______ has the shortest period of rotation.

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

According to the table at left (click to enlarge), _______ has the longest period of rotation.

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

According to the table at left (click to enlarge), _______ has the shortest period of revolution.

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

According to the table at left (click to enlarge), _______ has the longest period of revolution.

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.2-The Inner Planets

Let's take a look at the second question we will answer:

1.

2. Why is Venus hotter than Mercury?

3.

Mercury - "Swift Planet"

• Smallest terrestrial planet

• Closet to the Sun

• Surface has flat plains and craters

• Has no atmosphere

• Temperatures during the day reach 806 degrees; at night it can drop to -274 degrees

Venus - "Morning Star"

• Has a very thick atmosphere

• Atmosphere is mostly CO₂

• Always appears covered in clouds (clouds are mostly sulfuric acid)

• Has the hottest surface of any planet (860 degrees)

• The extreme heat is caused by the atmospheres runaway greenhouse effect

• Greenhouse effect is the trapping of heat by the atmosphere

• Venus has over 10,000 volcanoes on its surface

• The extreme pressure from the atmosphere crushed the first 4 probes sent to Venus

• 1 year on Venus = 7.5 months on Earth

• 1 day on Venus = 8 months on Earth

Earth - "Blue Planet"

• Only planet that life has been found to exist...so far

• Has liquid water on the surface; about 70% of the surface is covered in water

• Earth's distance from the Sun makes the perfect temperatures for life

• Only planet with atmosphere rich in oxygen

• Has a greenhouse effect that keeps the planet warm

Mars - "Red Planet"

• Surface appears red due to iron-rich rocks breaking down and leaving a rusty dirt behind

• Has frozen water ice and evidence of liquid water in the past

• Atmosphere is 95% CO₂

• Temperatures range from -220 - 68 degrees

• Olympus Mons volcano is the largest in our SS; as big as Missouri and 3x the height of Mt. Everest

• Has 2 small moons; Phobos and Deimos

• Most explored and studied planet besides Earth

• NASA currently has 2 rovers, 1 lander, and 1 helicopter exploring the surface of Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has a longer day than its year?

• Mars

• Mercury

• Earth

• Venus

Multiple Select

What two planets experience a greenhouse effect?

• Mercury

• Earth

• Mars

• Venus

Multiple Select

What two planets do not have moons?

• Mars

• Venus

• Mercury

• Earth

Multiple Choice

Even though it is not the closet planet to the sun, why is Venus the hottest?

• It has a lot of volcanoes

• Its atmosphere traps a lot of heat

• It receives more sunlight than others

Multiple Choice

This planet has the slowest rotation and the fastest revolution.

• Earth

• Mercury

• Mars

• Venus

Multiple Choice

Fastest Revolution

• Mercury

• Mars

• Venus

• Earth

Multiple Choice

The surface of Mercury is covered with

• gases

• volcanoes

• craters

• water

Multiple Choice

which has the longest rotation period?

• mars

• venus

• earth

• mars

Multiple Choice

1st planet from the sun

• Mars

• Venus

• Earth

• Mercury

Multiple Choice

Which planet is one of the brightest objects in the sky?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet rotates in the opposite direction?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

How many days does it take Earth to orbit the Sun?

• 88 days

• 365 days

• 216 days

• 1 day

Multiple Choice

3rd Planet from the Sun

• Mercury

• Venus

• Mars

• Earth

Multiple Choice

Dry, rocky planet that is covered in toxic clouds

• Venus

• Mars

• Mercury

• Earth

Multiple Choice

Our Home Planet

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

• Mercury

Multiple Choice

Mars has a red surface because of what mineral?

• iron

• lead

• plastic

• gold

Multiple Choice

2nd Planet from the Sun

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

This planet's atmosphere has oxygen.

• Earth

• Venus

• Mercury

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has had several probes visit it?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has two small moons?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has dust storms that can cover the entire planet?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

4th Planet from the Sun

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

• Venus

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.2-The Inner Planets

Let's take a look at the third question we will answer:

1.

2.

3. What kind of atmosphere do the inner planets have?

Why doesn't Mercury have a atmosphere

Mercury has a very thin atmosphere due to its mass (very small), and it being the 1st closest planet to the Sun.

Multiple Choice

Mercury has the biggest...

• craters

• moons

• comets

• lakes

Multiple Choice

What is the largest crater on Mercury?

• Mount. Everest

• The Mariana Trech

• Olympus Mons

• Colaris Basin

Mercury - "Swift Planet"

• Smallest terrestrial planet

• Closet to the Sun

• Surface has flat plains and craters

• Has no atmosphere

• Temperatures during the day reach 806 degrees; at night it can drop to -274 degrees

Venus - "Morning Star"

• Has a very thick atmosphere

• Atmosphere is mostly CO₂

• Always appears covered in clouds (clouds are mostly sulfuric acid)

• Has the hottest surface of any planet (860 degrees)

• The extreme heat is caused by the atmospheres runaway greenhouse effect

• Greenhouse effect is the trapping of heat by the atmosphere

Earth - "Blue Planet"

• Only planet that life has been found to exist...so far

• Has liquid water on the surface; about 70% of the surface is covered in water

• Earth's distance from the Sun makes the perfect temperatures for life

• Only planet with atmosphere rich in oxygen

• Has a greenhouse effect that keeps the planet warm

Mars - "Red Planet"

• Surface appears red due to iron-rich rocks breaking down and leaving a rusty dirt behind

• Has frozen water ice and evidence of liquid water in the past

• Atmosphere is 95% CO₂

• Temperatures range from -220 - 68 degrees

• Olympus Mons volcano is the largest in our SS; as big as Missouri and 3x the height of Mt. Everest

Multiple Choice

All the inner planets have an atmosphere except

• Venus

• Mercury

• Mars

• Earth

Multiple Choice

Even though it is not the closet planet to the sun, why is Venus the hottest?

• It has a lot of volcanoes

• Its atmosphere traps a lot of heat

• It receives more sunlight than others

Multiple Choice

Dry, rocky planet that is covered in toxic clouds

• Venus

• Mars

• Mercury

• Earth

Multiple Choice

Mars has a red surface because of what mineral?

• iron

• lead

• plastic

• gold

Multiple Choice

This planet's atmosphere has oxygen.

• Earth

• Venus

• Mercury

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has dust storms that can cover the entire planet?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

____________is a planet similar to Earth in size, mass, and density.

• Mercury
• Venus
• Mars
• Neptune

Multiple Choice

The right combination of temperature, water, and oxygen

• affects Neptune’s orbit.

• supports life on Earth.

• causes gas giants to form.

• results in storms on Jupiter.

Multiple Choice

The hottest inner planet is ...

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet is the planet next to the sun?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet has toxic clouds?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which planet is called the red planet?

• Mercury

• Venus

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

Which two inner planets are known as "sister planets?"

• Venus and Mars

• Mars and Earth

• Venus and Earth

Multiple Choice

Which two inner planets have no moons?

• Earth and Mars

• Mars and Venus

• Mercury and Venus

• Venus and Mars

Multiple Choice

This planet has water found only in its polar ice caps.

• Mercury

• Venus

• Mars

• Earth

What Are the Characteristics of the Inner Planets?

• Venus has a thick atmosphere, an unusual pattern of rotation, and the hottest surface of any planet.

• It is so hot because its atmosphere traps heat in a process called the greenhouse effect.

• It rotates slowly, so its day is longer than its year!

• Oddly, Venus rotates from east to west, the opposite direction from most other planets and moons.

Multiple Choice

________ has a thick atmosphere, an unusual pattern of rotation, and the hottest surface of any planet.

• Venus

• Mercury

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

What process is happening on Venus that makes it so hot?

• Greenhouse Effect

• Global Warming

• Storms

What Are the Characteristics of the Inner Planets?

• There is only one planet in the solar system where you could live easily.

• Earth has liquid water and a suitable temperature range and atmosphere for living things to survive.

• Earth has enough gravity to hold on to most gases, which make up Earth’s atmosphere.

• Earth is the only planet with an oxygen-rich atmosphere.

• Like Venus, Earth experiences a greenhouse effect.

Multiple Select

What are the reasons that Earth can carry life?

• Liquid Water

• Suitable Temperature

• Atmosphere

• People

What Are the Characteristics of the Inner Planets?

• Mars appears reddish because of the breakdown of iron-rich rocks.

• Although Mars is too cold for liquid water, it does have ice now and had liquid water in the past.

• Mar’s atmosphere is more than 95% carbon dioxide.

• Some regions of the planet have giant volcanoes.

Multiple Select

What did Mars have in the past?

• Liquid Water

• Ice

• Carbon Dioxide

Multiple Choice

What did Mars have in the past?

• Ice

• Water

• Water Vapor

Multiple Select

The inner planets have what characteristics?

• Small

• Dense

• Rocky Surfaces

• Made of gas

Multiple Choice

________ has a thick atmosphere, an unusual pattern of rotation, and the hottest surface of any planet.

• Venus

• Mercury

• Earth

• Mars

Multiple Choice

What process is happening on Venus that makes it so hot?

• Greenhouse Effect

• Global Warming

• Storms

Multiple Select

What are the reasons that Earth can carry life?

• Liquid Water

• Suitable Temperature

• Atmosphere

• People

Multiple Select

What did Mars have in the past?

• Liquid Water

• Ice

• Carbon Dioxide

Multiple Choice

What did Mars have in the past?

• Ice

• Water

• Water Vapor

Poll

Do you think you are familiar with the INNER PLANETS?