4.12 The Many Forms of Rocks

4.12 Rock Layers and Types

Poll

How much do you already know about rock types?

• Come on Mrs. W, I know A LOT.

• I think I have heard of that.

• I don't believe I have heard of that

• Rocks???? What's That?

The geologic time scale or geological time scale is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth.

It is the time based on the rock record on Earth.

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Geological Time

Multiple Choice

What is geological time?

• The time that shows when the sun will go up or down.

• The time that shows the record of rocks on Earth

• The time that dinosaurs roamed the Earth.

• The time that shows the formation of life.

Word Cloud

Name the many forms of rocks.

There are three different kinds of rocks. These kinds of rocks include: sedimentary, igneous, and metaphoric.

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The many kinds of rocks.

Multiple Choice

What are the three types of rocks?

• Cereal-like, Ingredients, Metamorphosis

• Seasoned, Indigo, Monuments

• Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic

• Sediment, Ignite, Metabolic

Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic Rocks

Each of these rocks:

... are formed by physical changes—such as melting, cooling, eroding, compacting, or deforming—that are part of the rock cycle

Multiple Choice

These rocks are formed by ______ changes.

• Chemical

• Physical

Multiple Choice

True or False: Examples of physical changes can be: melting, eroding, cooling, deforming, and compacting.

• True

• False

These rocks often start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans. When buried, the sediments lose water and become cemented to form rock.

​​Sedimentary

​Igneous rocks are “fire-born,” meaning that they are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten (melted) rock.

​​Igneous

Metamorphic rocks started out as some other type of rock, but have been substantially changed from their original igneous, sedimentary, or earlier metamorphic form.

​​Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

______ rocks started off as sediments carried in rivers and deposited into lakes.

• Sedimentary Rocks

• Igneous Rocks

• Metamorphic Rocks

Multiple Choice

_______ rocks are "fire born", which means they are formed through heating, melting, and cooling.

• Sedimentary Rocks

• Igneous Rocks

• Metamorphic Rocks

Multiple Choice

_______ rocks started as some other form of rock but have been changed or (morphed) over time.

• Sedimentary Rocks

• Igneous Rocks

• Metamorphic Rocks

Sedimentary rocks are created by erosion.
Erosion is when small pieces of rocks are moved around by wind and water.

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Sedimentary Rocks...

Multiple Choice

Sedimentary rocks are created by ______.

• Melted rocks

• Erupting

• Erosion

• Erasers

Sedimentary Rocks...

Sedimentary Rocks have layers.

The oldest layer of a sedimentary rock would be the bottom layer.
The newest layer of a rock would be the top layer.
The many layers of a sedimentary rock can determine how old a rock is.
Many things can be found within these layers such as fossils.

Multiple Choice

The top layer of a sedimentary rock is the ____, the bottom layer would be the ______.

• oldest, newest

• newest, oldest

• same age

​Rocks get smaller by...

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is technically not a sediment?

• shells

• bits of sand

• crushed pieces of bones

Multiple Choice

_____ is the breaking up of rocks and soil.

• Erosion

• Weathering

Multiple Choice

________ is the moving of weathered rock and soil.

• Weathering

• Erosion

Multiple Choice

Weathering does not allow erosion to take place.

• True

• False

There are three types of Igneous rocks: intrusive, extrusive, and plutonic.

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​Igneous Rocks...

Igneous Rock Facts

Igneous rocks formed when liquid magma or lava—magma that has emerged onto the surface of the Earth—cooled and hardened.

You may find igneous rocks in places that have volcanos in the area.

Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors.

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​Metamorphic Rocks...

​A metamorphic rock, on the other hand, began as a rock—either a sedimentary, igneous, or even a different sort of metamorphic rock. Then, due to various conditions within the Earth, the existing rock was changed into a new kind of metamorphic rock.

Multiple Choice

Which rock type forms after a period of cooling ?

• Metamorphic

• Igneous

Multiple Choice

Which rock type changes or morphs over time?

• Metamorphic

• Igneous

Word Cloud

Name the many forms of rocks.

Rapid changes to the Earth and rocks include: volcanos and earthquakes.
These changes happen quickly and allow almost immediate movement and creation of rocks.

​Rapid Changes

Slow changes to the earth and rocks include: weathering (rain, snow, ice, and wind breaking down rocks) and erosion (when water and wind carry away soil).

​Slow Changes

Slow and Rapid Changes ...

Multiple Choice

Weathering and erosion are ________ changes.

• Slow Changes

• Rapid Changes

Multiple Choice

Earthquakes and volcano eruptions are ________ changes.

• Slow Changes

• Rapid Changes

Multiple Choice

______ happens when water and wind carry away soil and debris.

• Weathering

• Erosion

Multiple Choice

______ happens when ice, snow, rain, and wind break down rocks.

• Weathering

• Erosion

Poll

After this lesson, how much do you know about rock types?

• Come on Mrs. W, I know A LOT.

• I think I have heard of that.

• I don't believe I have heard of that

• Rocks???? What's That?