Matter 3rd Grading.

Grade 8 Science:
Matter

WHAT IS MATTER?

Matter is anything that takes up space and can be weighed. In other words, matter has volume and mass.

THE THREE MAIN PHASES OF MATTER:

​Liquid

• Solid have a definite shape and a definite volume.

• Molecules are stick to each other

​SOLID

• Liquid has a volume but no definite shape.

• Molecules are far from each other.

​Gas

• Molecules are very far from each other.

• A gas has no fixed shape or volume.

Kinetic particle theory.

Based on the kinetic particle theory, all matter is made up of particles that are in
constant random motion.

​kinetic particle theory.

The Kinetic Molecular Theory is the theory that all matter is made up of atoms and molecules that are always moving (vibrating). These particles hold kinetic energy and move around in random directions.

In higher temperatures, the particles have high energy. In low temperatures, the particles have less energy. The more energy a particle has, the faster it will move.

In solids, such as ice, the particles hardly move at all and hold a regular pattern because the energy is low and the particles are tightly packed.

In liquids such as water, the particles have more energy and the freedom to move around. Liquids have the ability to flow and fill the shape of any container they are put in.

In gases like steam, the particles have the most energy. These particles can move around freely. Gases are usually invisible to the eye and they can be expanded and compressed in different pressured.

REMEMBER:

​Molecules are always moving. Scientist say they vibrate, rotate, and translate.

Particles that distance each other.

​repulsive forces

Particles that stick to each
other.

​attractive forces

​

Gases are compressible because their particles have significant spaces between them, allowing for compression. In contrast, liquids and solids are not compressible because their particles are closely packed, leaving minimal room for compression.