Industrialization Preview

Industrialization (The Second Industrial Revolution

08 February 2021

The Second Industrial Revolution

Workers assemble a Ford Model T Automobile

Grand Central Station, NYC

Characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution

• Rapid technological progress

• Urbanization (people moved from the countryside into cities)

Causes of the Second Industrial Revolution

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zsTBCJP_PSA

Cause #1: Natural Resources

• Iron, used to make steel

• Oil, used as fuel

Advances in Technology

• Railroads, telephones connected people and allowed information to spread

• Process for building things became more efficient

Immigration

• More people came to the US

• They needed jobs, and new factories were eager to hire them

• 1865: 25 million immigrants arrive over next 50 years

• Total US Pop at that time: 31.4 million

Railroad Expansion

New business practices

Multiple Choice

What years did the Second Industrial Revolution take place?

• 1776-1783

• 1861-1865

• 1870-1814

• 2021-2077

Multiple Select

Which of the following were causes of the Second Industrial Revolution? (Check all that apply)

• Natural Resources

• New Technology

• Immigration

• War with Mexico

Multiple Choice

What is urbanization?

• The movement of people from North to South

• The immigration of people from other countries to the US

• The movement of people from the countryside to cities

• The movement of people from the US to other countries

The Second Industrial Revolution (Video II)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgP0GqH4A1M&t=79s

Industrialization

Take notes on your own paper.
Remember good note-taking does not mean you copy verbatim what is on the board.
Only write the key points. Use symbols, and shorthand to make note-writing quicker.

• ​SEVERAL FACTORS LED TO THE INCREASED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH DURING THE CIVIL WAR. THIS LAID THE GROUNDWORK FOR POSTWAR PROSPERITY.

• Factories used new tools and methods to produce supplies in big numbers

• Railroads expanded across the nation.

• ​The government encouraged immigration.

Multiple Choice

Which was not a reason for growth in industry after the Civil War?

• The government encouraged building of railroads.

• Factories used new methods.

• Immigration was encouraged.

• Indians were placed on reservations.

​A great many immigrants to the U.S. were pushed from their homelands by:

• Political upheaval at home

• Religious discrimination

• Crop failures

Open Ended

What reasons cause people to migrate today?

​Capitalism

​The American system of capitalism is one in which individuals own most businesses. These entrepreneurs invest money in products in order to make profits.

​

Entrepreneurs fueled industrialization in the late 1800s

​

They benefited from laissez-faire policies, which allowed businesses to work under minimal government regulation​

Poll

Do you think a laissez-faire policy towards business is good or bad?

• Good

• Bad

​Major Inventions of the 1800s

1844 - Samuel Morse - Telegraph

1846 - Elias Howe - Sewing Machine

1852 - Elisha Otis - Safety Elevator

1880 - Thomas Edison - Light Bulb

1884 - Granville Woods - Steam Boiler

​Thomas Edison was the most prolific inventor of the era.

​He and his team of workers developed the light bulb, the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and hundreds of new products.

Multiple Select

The bessemer process made making steel:

• Cheaper

• Faster

• Stronger

• Slower

Open Ended

What impact do you think the bessemer process had on industrialization?

​Daily Life

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​Because of new inventions such as morse code, the telephone, bessemer process, light bulb, and others life changed dramatically for people in America.

Open Ended

Brainstorm some ways life would change because of new inventions.

​Expanding Railroads

​Cheaper steel lead to an explosion of railroad growth.

• This led to growth of cities

  • Chicago, Atlanta, Pittsburgh

• New inventions

  • Air brakes

  • Refrigerated cars

  • Timezones​

• Growth of industry

  • Access to raw materials

  • New markets

Open Ended

List 3 impacts of the railroad:

Open Ended

What impact do you think mechanization of farming had on life in America?

America exported grain, steel, and textiles in huge amounts and became a world economic power.

Mechanization of farming meant fewer farmers were needed to produce food.

Many Americans moved to cities to find work. URBANIZATION!

Open Ended

Brainstorm: What do you think were some of the negative impacts of rapid industrialization in America?

Industrialization and Urbanization

​

Open Ended

What is urbanization?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a result of industrialization

• increased job availability

• increased foreign trade

• increased growth of population in cities

• decreased job opportunities for the middle class

Multiple Choice

True or False: Industrialization led to a strong middle class

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Positive Outcomes: Created New Jobs, Improved Transportation and Produced new goods.

Negative Outcomes: Loss of Natural Habitat, Pollution, and _____________

Which BEST completes the list?

• child labor nations

• women in the workforce

• poor working conditions

• the creation of highways

Open Ended

How do you think immigrants benefit from industrialization? What negatives will they take on?

Industrialization and Urbanization

Objective: I can explain the significance of issues and events of the 20th Century

1. Industrialization

2. Urbanization

3. Increased usage of Oil and Gas

Multiple Select

What were the significant issues/events of the 20th Century?

• Oil and Gas Usage

• Urbanization

• Industrialization

Industrialization

• The number of factories in the United States grew rapidly

• Made manufactured goods more available

Multiple Choice

Industrialization was the development of ____________.

• Crops

• Factories

• Schools

• Cities

Labor Unions

• AS a result of more factories more workers were needed

• These workers came together to form unions

• Unions worked together to protect the rights of the workers - wages and work conditions

Open Ended

In what ways did the labor unions protect their workers?

Urbanization

• This led to many PROBLEMS

• Overcrowded living situations

• More sewage and waste than cities were able to handle

• Contaminated drinking water

• Those who lived in the cities prior to urbanization were not welcoming

Multiple Select

Which of the following was an effect due to Urbanization?

• Contaminated drinking water

• Overcrowded living situations

• More sewage and waste that the cities could not handle

• Children could not go to school

Increased usage of oil and gas

Ford Model T

• The Ford Model T made the car available to more people which increased the demand for more oil and gas

• The car industry continued to grow

Poll

Would you drive a Ford Model T?

• Yes

• No

• Oil companies in the US grew rapidly based on this increased demand

• Many businesses and families became wealthy during this time from oil

With transportation made easier by cars:

• People began to travel more, building up the tourism industry

• Interstate highway systems were built

• Suburbs began growing, known as urban sprawl

Open Ended

With transportation becoming more popular what positive effects did it have?

Multiple Choice

What is "Urban Sprawl"?

• Growing number of people in the Suburbs

• People traveling outside of the major cities

• People who moved to Rural Areas

• Growing number of people in the cities

Products made from oil were known as petroleum products

• Plastics and other petroleum products made lives easier

Open Ended

How do you think petroleum made people's lives easier?

Multiple Choice

the US had many miles of ___________ to transport goods

• railroads

• roads

• plane runways

• canals

Multiple Choice

A _____ is a good a country ships and sells to other nations or buyers

• Import

• Export

Multiple Choice

A __________ is a good a country buys from another country

• import

• export

Open Ended

Many people believe we have moved too many jobs overseas, to countries like India and China. What do you think?

Multiple Choice

_____ was the automaker who mastered the assembly line in his Highland-Park Detroit factory

• Ford

• Dodge Brothers

• Buick

• Chevy

Open Ended

Have you ever been to a national park? If so, Where?