PM REVIEW #1

A: The Rock Cycle!!!

The process of rocks changing from one type of rock to another

Main Concept: Any rock type can be changed 

into any of the other two and back again 

through the Rock Cycle depending on conditions

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is formed when rocks are melted deep in the Earth and cool to form new rocks?

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Sandstone

Multiple Choice

What happens to sedimentary and metamorphic rocks when igneous rocks are formed?

• They become ashes.

• They form sediments.

• They melt to become magma.

Multiple Choice

Weathering is

• the movement of rocks

• the breaking down of rocks

• the falling of rocks

Multiple Choice

Erosion is

• the falling of mud

• the breaking down of rocks

• the movement of rocks and soil

Multiple Choice

These Rocks are formed from Heat and Pressure

• Metamorphic

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

Multiple Choice

These Rocks are formed from Magma and Lava

• Metamorphic

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

Multiple Choice

In which type of rock might you see a fossil?

• Marble

• Igneous rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Sedimentary rock

Multiple Choice

What is number 4?

• heat pressure

• melting

• weathering

• cooling/crystallization

Multiple Choice

What is number 3?

• heat pressure

• melting

• weathering

• cooling/crystallization

Multiple Choice

What is number 2?

• heat pressure

• melting

• weathering

• cooling/crystallization

Multiple Choice

The two types of weathering are...

• Slow and rapid

• Mechanical (aka physical) and chemical

• Biological and physical

• Temporal and gravitational

Multiple Choice

What is weathering?

• The process by which
  water, ice, wind or gravity
  moves fragments of rock
  and soil.
• The process by which
  water, ice, wind or gravity
  deposit rock sediments
  and soil in a new place.
• The breaking down of
  Earth’s crust into smaller
  and smaller pieces.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of physical weathering?

• burrowing plants
• ice wedging
• plant roots
• acid rain

Multiple Choice

How does wind erosion occur?

• By picking up and carrying debris that moves across the land along with the ice.

• When raindrops hit the soil surface and displace soil particles, and when water flowing over the land surface moves soil particles.

• It picks up small particles of sand/sediment and blasts large rocks with the sand/sediment, cutting and shaping the rock.

• By direct action of gravity without a flowing medium (such as water or ice).

Match

Match the following...

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

When rocks and land are broken down due to forces such as gravity, wind, water, and ice

When rocks and sediment are moved elsewhere by water, ice, wind, or gravity

When features are built up on Earth's surface by sediment, tectonic plates, or volcanoes

• When rocks and land are broken down due to forces such as gravity, wind, water, and ice

• When rocks and sediment are moved elsewhere by water, ice, wind, or gravity

• When features are built up on Earth's surface by sediment, tectonic plates, or volcanoes

Multiple Choice

What is ice erosion?

• the detachment and removal of soil material

• process where soil, rocks, or minerals are worn away. It is strongest in areas with sparse vegetation, like the desert

• glaciers moving over the landscape and carving out parts of the Earth

• process that moves rocks and sediments downslope

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct order of the Earth's layers moving inward to the center.

• Crust

  Mantle

  Inner Core

  Outer Core

• Mantle

  Outer Core

  Inner Core

  Crust

• Inner Core

  Outer Core

  Crust

  Mantle

• Outer Core

  Inner Core

  Mantle

  Crust

Multiple Choice

What layer of the Earth is labeled B?

• inner core

• outer core

• mantle

• crust

Multiple Choice

What layer of the Earth is labeled C?

• inner core

• outer core

• mantle

• crust

Multiple Choice

What is the force that causes continents to move?

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

• conveyor belts

Multiple Choice

What feature is at C?

• Deep ocean trench

• Mid ocean ridge

• sea floor spreading

• subduction

Multiple Choice

What is the process happening at R?

• Deep ocean trench

• mid ocean ridge

• subduction

• sea floor spreading

Multiple Choice

Which type of boundary is known for causing big earthquakes?

• divergent
• convergent
• transform
• subduction

Multiple Choice

What kind of plate boundary is shown here?

• divergent
• convergent
• transform
• strike slip

Multiple Choice

Continental crust and continental crust come toward each other at a convergent plate boundary.  This will likely form...

• a trench
• mountains
• volcano
• mid-ocean ridge 

Multiple Choice

Even though cast fossils look like the original bone or shell, they are different because they:

• contain empty space where the organism once was

• preserve both hard and soft parts of the organism

• are made of rock, minerals, and sediment

• have skin, hair, and feathers

Multiple Choice

When bones are turned into stone, they are called:

• petrified fossils

• imprints

• trace fossils

• amber/resin

Multiple Choice

By studying fossil records scientists can make inferences about 

• the diversity of plants and animals, past climates and geological events, and how organisms have evolved
• the diversity of plants and animals, how different rocks form, and past volcanic eruptions
• the simularities of plants and animals, how different rocks form and past volcanic eruptions
• the similarities of plants and animals, past climates and geological events, how different rocks form

Fill in the Blanks

Which layer is the oldest?

Fill in the Blanks

Which layer is the youngest?

Multiple Choice

Carbon Dating can only be used on

• non-living things

• things that were once living

• Things that are over 1 billion years old

• Things that are at least 1 million years old.

Multiple Choice

List the layers of the atmosphere in order from Earth's surface to outer space.

• stratosphere, thermosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, exosphere

• troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, stratosphere

• troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

• thermosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, exosphere

Multiple Choice

What atmospheric layer contains ozone?

• exosphere

• stratosphere

• mesosphere

• troposphere