Earthquakes

​Earthquakes

Multiple Choice

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

• Energy can be destroyed completely
• Energy can be created out of nothing
• Energy can be converted into matter
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

Multiple Choice

What is Potential Energy?

• Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its speed.
• Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position or state.
• Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its color.
• Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its temperature.

​Potential Energy

Multiple Choice

What is Kinetic Energy?

• Kinetic energy is the energy associated with an object's shape.
• Kinetic energy is the energy related to an object's temperature.
• Kinetic energy is the energy stored in an object at rest.
• Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

​Kinetic Energy

​PE=KE

​One will always transform to the other and vice verse

Math Response

If a ball with a mass of 5 Kg falls from 25m in the air, what would be the ball's PE?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 1225

Deg^°

Rad

Math Response

If that same ball falls at a speed of 80 m/s, what is its KE?

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 16000

Deg^°

Rad

​But what does this have to do with Earthquakes...?

​Everything.

​When two plates are stuck together, they build PE.

​When they finally unstick, they release that energy in the form of and earthquake.

Compression

Tension

Shearing

​Remember the three types of stress?

Match

Match the following types of stress to the land masses they create.

• Compression

• Tension

• Shearing

ocean trenches and volcanic arcs

ocean ridges and continental rifts

faults and fault zones

• ocean trenches and volcanic arcs

• ocean ridges and continental rifts

• faults and fault zones

• "below"

• the point of origin where the energy is released.

​Focus (hypocenter)

• "above/over"

• the point directly above the point of origin

​Epicenter

There are 2 parts to an earthquake.

​We can see this happen through evidence called "slippage".

Notice anything?

Open Ended

Based on this picture, what can you assume the definition of slippage is?

NEVER assume you're safe.

• All earthquakes come with foreshocks and aftershocks.

  • Foreshocks

    • vibrations before the quake

  • Aftershocks

    • vibrations after the quake

Open Ended

What do you think you should do if you are caught in an earthquake?

Instruments designed to record earthquakes.

​​Seismographs

​How do we record EQ data?

A written recording of the quake.

​​Seismogram

Multiple Choice

What is the point of origin of an earthquake?

• The focus or hypocenter
• The epicenter is the point of origin
• The Richter scale measures the point of origin
• The P-wave indicates the point of origin

Multiple Choice

What is the point right of the origin of the earthquake called?

• Seismic zone
• Fault line
• Epicenter
• Tectonic plate

Multiple Choice

What is a seismograph?

• A seismograph is a tool used to predict weather patterns.
• A seismograph is a device that measures and records the intensity and duration of earthquakes.
• A seismograph is a device that measures and records the intensity of volcanic eruptions.
• A seismograph is a device that measures and records the intensity of tornadoes.

Multiple Choice

In order to triangulate the focus of an earthquake, how many epicenters do I need to use?

• 1
• 4
• 3
• 5

Multiple Choice

What is a seismogram?

• A seismogram is a type of weather forecasting tool
• A seismogram is a type of cooking utensil
• A seismogram is a record of ground motion produced by a seismograph during an earthquake.
• A seismogram is a type of musical instrument

Multiple Choice

All of the external energy that drives the rock cycle comes from what?

• the sun

• the core

• wind

• the mantle

Multiple Choice

Mid ocean ridges and continental rifts are caused by what kind of plate boundary?

• Divergent boundary
• Subduction boundary
• Convergent boundary
• Transform boundary

Multiple Choice

Mountains, volcanoes, and ocean trenches are created by what kind of plate boundary?

• Subduction zone
• Convergent plate boundary
• Divergent plate boundary
• Transform plate boundary

Multiple Select

If a rock is formed from lava, what kind of rock will it be?

• coarse grained

• fine grained

• intrusive

• extrusive

Multiple Choice

If granite is put through extreme heat and pressure, assuming it doesn't melt, what kind of rock will it then become?

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

• igneous

• I wasn't paying attention