Types of RNA

RNA

•made of nucleotides
•Disposable copy of DNA
segment
•3 differences:

1. sugar= ribose
2. single stranded
3. instead of the base thymine

(T), RNA uses uracil
(U)

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Types of RNA

Before we look at the two stages of protein
synthesis, familiarize yourself with the three types of
RNA. Each shares the chemical and structural
features of RNA discussed earlier but differ in their
three-dimensional form and their role in the cell.

Protein Synthesis

•How exactly do all those letters in DNA code for
making a living thing?

• The short answer is that the code of letters in DNA is a

recipe to make proteins.

• Proteins form structures, enzymes, or other chemicals to

create the building blocks of organisms and maintain
homeostasis. When a cell needs to make a protein, say
the enzyme to digest lactose (the sugar in milk), it needs
to use/read the DNA code to make proteins.

• We call this process protein synthesis.

•Protein synthesis requires the use of DNA and all
three forms of RNA to read the code and make the
desired protein.This occurs in two steps:

• Transcription
• Translation

Be familiar with several different
models of the protein synthesis

process.

The next several slides which contain different examples of protein

synthesis models to analyze.