Rock Cycle, WED and Landforms

ROCK CYCLE:

The gradual series of events that causes
rock to change into different forms:

Igneous

Sedimentary

Metamorphic

ROCK
CYCLE
DIAGRAM

IGNEOUS ROCK:

Any type of rock can be melted in the Earth’s crust.

When lava erupts from a volcano, it cools to form NEW
igneous rock.

CAUSE: Intense Heat

METAMORPHIC ROCK:

•When rock in the crust gets
pushed under another tectonic plate,
metamorphic rock can form.
CAUSE: INTENSE heat and pressure

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Rock that forms from other eroded
rock. Sediment are pieces of rock,
sand, etc. that have been carried and
deposited in the same location.

Over many years, the pile of sediment
presses down on the layers below it
causing compaction.

Minerals fill any empty spaces and
creates solid rock by cementation.

WED (WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION)

Weathering: Wind, ice, gravity and water
break rock apart, creating sediment.

Erosion: When the sediment is moved to
another place by wind, ice, gravity,
water.

Deposition: When the sediment carried
by wind, ice, gravity, water is deposited
(laid down) in another location.

HUMAN IMPACT

Erosion: Trees and plants have roots that cling to the soil. Without
these plants, the soil can be carried away by water or wind.

Urbanization: We cut down trees and create parking lots/malls.

Deforestation: We cut down trees our needs or to make space.

Air/Water Quality: Pollution creates acid rain, can eat away at rock.

Water Flow: We create dams that cut off water to areas that previously
had water.

Desertification: By cutting off water supplies, we can create deserts.

LANDFORMS

Coastlines: Areas where the ocean reaches the land. (beach)

Dunes: Large piles of sand that were deposited by wind.

Rivers: Streams of water that lead to the ocean that are moved by gravity.

Mountains: Large rock formations that are caused by convergent
boundaries.

Glaciers: Huge chunks of ice that crush any rock below them.

Deltas: Triangle shaped areas of deposition where a river & ocean meet.

Lakes: A bowl-shaped basin that is filled with groundwater.

Multiple Select

What processes create sedimentary rocks (and fossils)

• Heat

• Compaction

• Cementation

• Cooling

Multiple Select

What changes a metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock

• Cementation

• Pressure (Compaction)

• Cooling

• Melting

Multiple Choice

What are rocks made of?

• Salt

• Minerals

• Other rocks

• Sand

Multiple Choice

rock fragments that have been transported to a different location

• metamorphic rock

• sedimentary rock

• sediment

• soil

Multiple Choice

What is letter G?

• Heat and pressure

• Cooling

• Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

• Weathering and erosion

Multiple Choice

How are igneous rocks formed?

• Sediment forming together

• Heating and pressure

• Cooling

• Deposition

Multiple Choice

What is the breaking of rock that occurs by chemical reactions?

• abrasion
• erosion
• chemical weathering
• mechanical weathering

Multiple Choice

The process in which broken rock is transported (moved).

• deposition
• erosion
• weathering
• abrasion

Multiple Choice

The process where sediment is laid down in new locations.

• erosion
• abrasion
• weathering
• deposition

Multiple Choice

What is a physical process that breaks rocks without changing the make up of the rock?

• chemical weathering
• mechanical weathering
• erosion
• deposition

Multiple Choice

___________ is the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves sediment.

• erosion
• deposition

• weathering

• movement

Multiple Choice

___________ form when sediments create a mound, ridge, or hill.

• sand dunes
• glaciers

• valleys

• rivers

Multiple Choice

___________ form when sediments build up between a river and ocean.

• deltas
• alluvial fans

• mountains

• canyons