Cell Theory and Structure E&E

Cell Theory & Structure
Engage & Explore

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Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of living things?

• made of one or more cells

• need energy to stay alive

• grow and reproduce

• have variable internal environment

• respond to stimuli in environment

Cyto - Greek kytos - meaning hollow receptacle or cell
plasm - formed to a particular shape

Liquid like portion that holds the organelles

​​Cytoplasm

​Pro - meaning before or not having
Karyote - from karyon - meaning a nut or kernel

has a no nucleus

​​Prokaryote

​Eu - meaning good
karyote - from karyon - meaning nut or kernel

has a nucleus and cell walls

​​Eukaryote

Onion Cells

​All cells have same basic parts and processes

​In 1665 first person to view cork under microscope and sees "little rooms" that he calls cells.

​Robert Hooke

He was the first to use a stronger microscope and viewed human blood cells and bacteria.​

​Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

In 1850 he was the first scientist to observe cells dividing under a microscope.

​

​Dr. Rudolf Virchow

Cell Theory

Created by Schwann & Schleiden

1- All organisms consist of one or more cells

2- Cells are the basic unit of life for all living things

3- Cells come from other pre-existing cells

​-skin of cell
- physical boundary between insides and environment outside
- controls what enters and exits

Cell Membrane

​-water substance with cytosol (H2O, enzymes & more)
- holds material inside cell

​​Cytoplasm

​Deoxyribonucleic acid
genetic instructions to make protein
Animal - enclosed in nucleus
Bacteria - free floating

DNA

- where protein is made

- Bacteria - free floating
-Animal - some free and some enclosed

​​Ribosomes

​All cells whether Animal or Bacteria have the following:

No nucleus or organelles
DNA free floating

​Prokaryotic

Has nucleus, DNA and organelles

​Eukaryotic

-Simpler and Smaller
- Made of ONE cell - Unicellular
- DNA in cytoplasm
- Cell wall - outside membrane and gives shape and protects
-flagella & cillia - used to move
- Reproduce - divide in half

​

​Prokaryotic

​NUCLEUS

​CYTOPLASM

​ORGANELLES

​CELL MEMBRANE

- larger and more complex
- made of multiple cells
- protists, fungi plants & animals
-cell membrane
-nucleus
-organelles
-cytoplasm
-cells look different depending on their job

​

​Eukaryotic

​Carry messages from one cell to another cell and have long arm like extensions

​​Nerve Cells

Carry oxygen to other cells
Look like flat disc so have more surface to transfer oxygen

​​Red Blood Cells

​Long tail to swim and join egg cell

​​Sperm

​Pollinate flowers and plants
Spikes or rough surface to stick to insects like bees

​​Pollen Cells

​Specialized Cells

Multiple Choice

All eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and organelles.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?

• All organisms consist of 1 or more cells.

• cells are the basic unit of life for all living things.

• Cells always have a nucleus filled with DNA.

• cells come from pre-existing cells.

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See you Tomorrow!

We will discuss cells and cell theory!