Overview of a computer

This section gives an overview of a computer system and an introduction to
Software and Hardware

When studying theory, you need to make your own summaries:

● Definition or description (What is it?)
● Function (What it does?)
● Advantages and disadvantages (If relevant)
● Examples (if relevant)
Summaries should be written - hand brain coordination is important.

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Hardware and Software

Hardware - all the physical components
that you can see and touch in a
computer system.
Examples: Printer, screen, portable
drive

Software - general term covering
computer programs.
Consists of application software and
system software.

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System & Application Software

Multiple Choice

A 3D printer is an example of

• Software

• Hardware

• Internal CPU component

Multiple Select

Examples of software are (there is more than one correct answer)

• MS Word

• Flash drive

• Instagram

• Smartphone

• BlackBoard

Fill in the Blanks

Windows 11 is an example of _ software

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Data

Information

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Hardware is
categorised into:
● Input
● Storage
● Processing
● Output
● Communication

https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/desktopc.htm

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Data and Information

https://byjus.com/biology/difference-between-data-and-information/

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Example of data vs information

Fill in the Blanks

Test marks are an example of _

Fill in the Blanks

The average of a class is an example of _

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Processing

Motherboard

● Large printed circuit

board that houses
(connects) all the
electronic components
of device

● Links CPU, RAM,

peripherals

https://pxhere.com/en/photo/1165248

Multiple Choice

Answer True or False: The CPU is the large printed circuit board that houses (connects) all the electronic components of device

• False

• True

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The General Processing Cycle

Main hardware components are:
● Central Processing Unit (CPU) - processor that does all the processing of instructions
● Random Access Memory (RAM)

○ Stores instructions and data for CPU
○ Data is not stored permanently

● Input devices e.g. keyboard
● Output devices e.g. screen
● Secondary storage e.g. hard drive

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Input and Output devices

Output devices

Input devices

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Input devices

A few examples

● Keyboard
● Mouse
● Scanners
● Barcode scanners
● QR code scanners
● Biometric input
● Microphones
● Sensors

https://medium.com/@tryeducationtypes/what-is-an-input-device-types-
of-input-devices-a2ac2431637e

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Output Devices

Any device that receives
information from the computer

Some devices are input and output
e.g.

touch screen
Multifunction printer
Headsets - microphone (input)
and speakers (Output)

A few examples:
-Monitors

-Printers

-Speakers

-Headphones

-
-

Multiple Select

The following are examples of input devices (There is more than one correct answer)

• Temperature sensor

• Touchpad

• 3D printer

• Headset

• Monitor

Multiple Select

The following are examples of output devices (There is more than one correct answer)

• Temperature sensor

• Touchpad

• 3D printer

• Headset

• Monitor

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Ports

Connect the device to the
motherboard

● Universal Serial Bus

(USB) port
○ Mice, keyboard,

flash drives, etc

● High Definition

Multimedia Interface
(HDMI) port
○ Video and audio

https://pxhere.com/en/photo/1165248

Multiple Choice

Answer True of False: A flash drive can also be called a USB

• False

• True

Fill in the Blanks

RAM is an example of _ memory

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Secondary Storage
examples.

Hard drives

- Inside computer case
- Stored user’s programs and

data permanentl

- Mechanical (HDD)

- Magnetic
- Read-write head

- Solid State (SDD)

- Electronic circuits
- Faster, more reliable,

more expensive than HDD

Fill in the Blanks

A flash drive is an example of _ memory.

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https://www.tutorialsmate.com/2020/04/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-computer.html

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Credits

Presentation Template: SlidesMania

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