Atoms and The Periodic Table

Atoms and the Periodic Table

What is an atom?

• An atom is the building block of all matter.

• Atoms are very small; smaller than the tip of your pencil.

• Atoms are composed of particles called protons, electrons and neutrons.

• Atoms can join together to form molecules, which in turn form most of the objects around you.

Multiple Choice

What is at the center of every atom?

• an electron

• only protons

• a molecule

• a nucleus

The Periodic Table of the Elements

• display of the chemical elements, which are arranged by atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties

• The seven rows of the table, called periods, generally have metals on the left and nonmetals on the right.

• The columns, called groups, contain elements with similar chemical behaviors. 

Multiple Choice

What is the Periodic Table?

• a chart that lists all the molecules that exist in the universe

• a chart that shows all the elements scientists have discovered

• a chart that shows all the compounds found in the world

• a chart that shows what time periods elements were discovered in

Chemical Element

• Atomic number- tells the number of protons, electrons and the location of the element on the Periodic Table

• Atomic Mass- the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom

• To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass

• APE MAN

Multiple Choice

What does an element's atomic number represent?

• the element state at room temperature

• how metallic an element is

• the number of atoms in a compound

• the number of protons in an element

Electron Shell Rules:

1st shell can hold up to 2 electrons

2nd shell can hold up to 8 electrons

3rd shell can hold up to 18 electrons

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct atomic model for Boron?

Multiple Choice

How many neutrons are in Nitrogen?

*Click the image to make it larger.

• 14

• 7

• 21

The three basic states of matter

Multiple Choice

At higher temperatures

• particles in an object have less energy

• particles in an object move faster

• a gas contracts

Multiple Choice

How is a gas defined?

• no shape, no volume

• Definite shape, definite volume

• Found in stars

• Definite volume, no shape

All matter have properties.

Multiple Choice

Physical properties are

• are properties that can be observed without changing the matter's identity

• are properties that can be observed that change the matter into new matter with new properties

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a sign that a chemical reaction has occurred?

• change in shape

• melting

• formation of a gas

• dissolving

Poll

How would you rate your understanding of atoms and the Periodic Table?

Multiple Choice

the smallest particle that still can be considered an element

• proton

• neutron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

a series of models that developed from experimental evidence

• atomic law

• atomic theory

• elemental law

• elemental theory

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negatively charged particles, discovered by Thomson

• proton

• neutron

• electron

Multiple Choice

the dense center of an atom

• proton

• nuetron

• nucleus

• election

Multiple Choice

a positively-charged particle in the atoms nucleus

• proton

• neutron

• electron

Multiple Choice

a particle with no charge in the nucleus of the atom

• proton

• neutron

• electron

Multiple Choice

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

• protons

• atomic number

• electron

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

average mass of all the isotopes of that element

• proton

• atomic mass

• electon

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

a chart showing all of the elements arranged according to their properties

• atomic mass

• proton

• neutron

• periodic table

Multiple Choice

a one or two letter abbreviation for the element

• chemical symbol

• atomic number

• atomic mass

Multiple Select

Which TWO of the following subatomic particles are inside the nucleus?

• protons

• electrons

• neutrons

• There are no subatomic particles in the nucleus of an atom.

Multiple Choice

Tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb) are both members of the came group as carbon, as shown by the periodic table, which of the following elements would also be a member of this group and why?

• Iron(Fe), because it is a metal like tin and lead

• Krypton (Kr) because it is an inert gas like tin and lead

• Calcium (Ca) because it has reactivity similar to that of tin and lead

• Silicon (Si) because it has conductivity similar to that of tin and lead

Multiple Choice

All matter is made of _________. 

• energy 
• atoms 
• electrons 
• compounds 

Multiple Choice

What is the number of protons that the element in this image contain?

• 14
• 7
• 15
• 18

Multiple Choice

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged by:

• atomic mass

• atomic number

• valence electrons

• number of isotopes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an element?

• salt

• oxygen

• vinegar

• water

Multiple Choice

• Periods
• Groups

Multiple Choice

Which of the two elements below have similar properties?

• Chlorine (Cl) and Zinc (Zn)

• Sodium (Na) and Fluorine (F)

• Potassium (K) and Francium (Fr)

• Magnesium (Mg) and Helium (He)

Multiple Choice

• Periods
• Groups

Multiple Choice

A model of the most basic unit of oxygen is shown. Which of the following is true of oxygen?

• Oxygen is an element because its most basic unit is a single type of atom

• Oxygen is a compound because its most basic unit is a single type of atom

• Oxygen is a mixture because its most basic unit contains more than one particle

• Oxygen is a compound because its most basic unit contains more that one type of particle

Multiple Choice

Which two subatomic particles are found in the NUCLEUS of at atom?

• protons & nuetrons
• protons & electrons
• neutrons & electrons
• electrons & protons

Multiple Choice

a positively-charged particle in the atoms nucleus

• proton

• neutron

• electron

Multiple Choice

The mass of a proton is _______.

• 1 amu
• 1 gram
• has no mass
• undetermined

Multiple Choice

How is an element different from a compound?

• an element is highly reactive, and a compound is stable

• an element exists in any state, and a compound is only a liquid

• an element contains multiple substances, and a compound contains only one pure substance

• an element is made of a single type of atom, and a compound is made of two or more atom types

Multiple Choice

Which particle has a similar mass to a proton?

• Electron
• Neutron
• Photon
• Marble

Multiple Choice

Which label correctly identifies the nucleus of the atom?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which item on this element square represents the atomic number?

• 13
• Al
• Aluminum
• 26.981538

Multiple Choice

This is a chemical formula for glucose, a type of sugar. What statement is true about glucose?

• Glucose is an element, because it can be separated into smaller components

• Glucose is an element, because it is made up of more than one kind of atom

• Glucose is a compound, because it is made up of more than one element

• Glucose is a compound, because it is made of protons, neutron and electrons

Multiple Choice

Which item on this element square represents the atomic mass?

• 13

• Al

• Aluminum

• 26.981538

Multiple Choice

What is the mass number of this atom?

• 1

• 3

• 4

• 7

Multiple Choice

How many protons does an atom of Carbon have? 

• 3
• 12.011
• 6
• none

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen is a gas at room temperature and standard pressure. It is also a Group 15 element as shown. Which statement about the other elements in Group 15 is true?

• They look similar to oxygen

• They react in a way similar to how nitrogen reacts

• They have the same density as nitrogen when under the same conditions

• They are, like nitrogen, gases at room temperature and standard pressure

Multiple Choice

What are the number of electrons in Carbon?

• 12
• 10
• 6
• 14

Multiple Choice

On the periodic table Li, Na, K and Rb are found in the same group because

• they have the same number of neutrons

• they have similar properties

• they have the same number of electrons

• they are compounds

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

• Proton
• Neutron
• Electron
• Quark

Multiple Choice

Which elements in the periodic table have similar properties?

• a metal and a noble gas

• a metal and a non metal

• two elements in the same group

• two elements in the same period

Multiple Choice

Which is an electron?

• A
• B
• C

Multiple Choice

Most of the elements on the periodic table are classified as _____.

• Metals
• Nonmetals
• Metalloids
• Periods

Multiple Choice

The first energy level can hold up to how many electrons?

• 8
• 4
• 2
• 5

Multiple Choice

Based on the periodic table of elements, which of the following sets of elements have similar properties?

• Pb, Sn, Kr

• Ne, N, O

• Cl, Br, I

• O, S, N

Multiple Choice

The second energy level can hold up to how many electrons?

• 2
• 8
• 10
• 12

Multiple Choice

Sodium (Na) is found in period 

• 3
• 2
• 4
• 1

Multiple Choice

If an element has 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what type of charge does the element have?

• positive
• negative
• neutral
• imaginary

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of an element based upon?

• mass of it's nucleus

• number of electrons around it's core

• number of protons in its nucleus

• number of neutrons in its nucleus

Multiple Choice

If an atom has 24 protons and 24 neutrons, what is most likely the atomic mass of this element?

• 24

• 48

• 0

• 42

Multiple Choice

Sodium (Na) is found in group 

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What element is represented in this Bohr Model? 

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Aluminum
• Lithium

Multiple Choice

A chemist determines that the atom she is studying has eight negatively charged particles outside the nucleus. What does this indicate about the atom?

• it is very unstable

• it contains eight neutrons

• it contains eight electrons

• it is a negatively charged ataom

Multiple Choice

What element is this model showing?

• Lithium
• Boron
• Carbon
• Neon

Multiple Choice

a chart showing all of the elements arranged according to their properties

• atomic mass

• proton

• neutron

• periodic table

Multiple Choice

Which type of subatomic particles have the LEAST amount of mass?

• protons
• electrons
• neutrons
• nucleus

Multiple Choice

Audra is looking at the diagram of an atom. Which particle(s) does she see inside the nucleus?

• electrons only

• protons only

• electron and protons

• protons and neutrons

Multiple Choice

A model of Nitrogen is shown, in this model, what do the blue spheres represent?

• electrons

• neutrons

• photons

• protons

Multiple Choice

A model of Nitrogen is shown, in this model, what do the blue spheres represent?

• electrons

• neutrons

• photons

• protons

Multiple Choice

The smallest unit found in silver is

• element

• nucleus

• atom

• cell

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle or particles have a negative charge?

• protons and electrons

• electrons and neutrons

• electrons only

• neutrons only

Multiple Choice

In which section of the periodic table could you find the most reactive metals?

• the far left of the periodic table

• the center of the periodic table

• column 17 in the periodic table

• the far right of the periodic table

Multiple Choice

Which best describes what happens when elements combine to form a compound?

• the atoms in each compound dissolve

• the atoms of both elements bind together

• the nuclei in the atoms of both elements split and combine with the nuclei of other atoms

• The subatomic particles in the atoms of both elements change to resemble each other

Multiple Choice

What period is this element in?

• 1

• 18

• 10

• 2

Multiple Choice

Kathy's teacher puts this question on the board:

All matter is made of ______, which may contain ______.

• Atoms, molecules

• Elements, atoms

• molecules, atoms

• molecules, elements

Multiple Choice

Everything in the periodic table is arranged by

• the alphabet

• their properties

• their subatomic particles

• their discovery date

Multiple Choice

Atoms combine in many different ways to form different substances. Iron is an element. Brass is not an element, instead brass is a combination of two elements. what is the difference between iron and brass?

• Iron, but not brass, consists of atoms

• Brass, but not iron, is a metallic substance

• Iron is a compound, brass is not

• Brass is a compound, iron is not

Multiple Choice

What group and period is sodium (Na) located?

• period 1 and group 3

• period 3 and group 1

• period 2 and group 3

• period 3 and group 2

Multiple Choice

Compounds are made up of different kinds of atoms that are chemically combined. What do compounds have in common?

• They have the same color

• They have the same melting point

• They can be broken down into simpler substances

• They can't combine with one another to from more complex substances

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

• proton

• neutron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a property of an element?

• Elements have their own individual characteristic properties

• Elements have at least two different types of atoms

• Elements have the ability to change into a different element

• Elements can be separated from one another

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an element?

• salt

• oxygen

• vinegar

• water

Multiple Choice

A student notices that a basketball seems to act differently depending on whether the game is being played on a court with a wooden floor, on a concrete driveway, or on a blacktop in the park. they student hypothesizes that the surface on which a ball is bounced affects the height of the bounce.

How can the student design an experiment to test the hypothesis?

• The student should drop the same ball from 3 different heights and have someone measure the height of each bounce

• The student should drop 3 different balls from the same height and have someone measure the height of each bounce

• The student should drop the same ball from the same height on 3 different surface and have someone measure the height of each bounce

• The student should drop 3 different balls from the same height on 3 different surfaces and have someone measure the height of each bounce

Multiple Choice

The particles with no charge in an atom are the _______.

• electrons
• neutrons
• protons
• protons and neutrons

Multiple Choice

Ena is measuring the pH of various liquids to see if they are acids or bases. Although she is following the same procedure each time, she notices that when she tests a particular liquid she obtains results she does not expect. She is not sure that the result is accurate.

What should Ena do to improve the reliability of the data she collects?

• change her hypothesis

• perform repeated trials on each liquid

• measure a smaller volume of each sample

• research more information about acids and bases

Multiple Choice

The graph shows the number of pythons removed from the Florida Everglades over a period of time.

Based on the data collected, which conclusion is the most logical?

• Python presence is increasing each year in certain parts of Florida?

• Python presence is due to the low water levels in surrounding lakes

• Python presence in evidence of an exception to the theory of natural selection

• python presence is a result of the lack of human ecosystem intervention in Florida

Multiple Choice

Devin is doing an investigation to address the question of how temperature affects the rate of crystal growth. He has 6 jars and adds the same amount of warm water to each jar. Then he adds salt to each jar, enough to make a saturated solution, and stirs until the salt dissolves completely. He observes the jars for several days.

Which experimental design allows for the collection of the evidence Devin needs to address this question?

• He leaves all 6 jars on the counter and records the temperature and day the crystals appear

• He puts all 6 jars in the fridge, and records the day and temperature the crystals appear

• he puts 3 jars in the fridge and 3 jars at room temperature and, records the day the crystals appear

• He puts 5 jars at room temperature and 1 in the fridge, and records the day the crystals appear

Multiple Choice

Which statement BEST describes a scientific hypothesis?

• a scientific fact

• a scientific theory

• an inference based on scientific data

• a testable scientific explanation based on observation

Multiple Choice

The vertical (up and down) columns in the Periodic Table are called

• groups

• towers

• periods

• atomic numbers

Multiple Choice

The Modern Periodic Table of Elements is arranged by

• atomic mass
• atomic number
• valence electrons
• number of isotopes

Multiple Choice

Sodium (Na) is found in period 

• 3
• 2
• 4
• 1

Multiple Choice

Sodium (Na) is found in group 

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What does the atomic mass tell you? 

• Basically,the number of electrons and protons
• The number of neutrons
• Basically, the number of protons and neutrons
• The number of protons.

Multiple Choice

What does the 6 represent?

• atomic mass
• atomic number
• element name
• chemical symbol 

Multiple Choice

What does 12.011 represent?

• atomic mass
• atomic number
• element name
• chemical symbol 

Multiple Choice

The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same element is a(n)

• proton

• neutron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

• proton

• nuetron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

• proton

• neutron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a neutral (0) charge?

• proton

• nuetron

• electron

• atom

Multiple Choice

Why is the overall charge of an atom neutral (0)?

• They have the same number of protons and neutrons.

• They have the same number of protons and electrons.

• They have the same number of electrons and neutrons.

Multiple Select

Which TWO of the following subatomic particles are inside the nucleus?

• protons

• electrons

• neutrons

• There are no subatomic particles in the nucleus of an atom.

Multiple Choice

An atom becomes _________ when it gains electrons.

• Positive
• Negative
• Neutral
• Invinsible

Multiple Choice

What is the number of protons that the element in this image contain?

• 14
• 7
• 15
• 18

Multiple Choice

What is the element symbol for boron? 

• B
• Bo
• Bn
• W

Multiple Choice

What type of subatomic particles are found in the cloud?

• neutrons
• electrons
• protons
• reactions

Multiple Choice

Which type of subatomic particles have the LEAST amount of mass?

• protons
• electrons
• neutrons
• nucleus

Multiple Choice

If an element has 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what type of charge does the element have?

• positive
• negative
• neutral
• imaginary

Multiple Choice

If an atom has 24 protons and 24 electrons, what is the atomic number of this element?

• 24
• 48
• 0
• 42

Multiple Choice

How many protons does this element have?

• 40
• 21
• 20
• 41

Multiple Choice

The number of protons is equal to 

• the atomic number
• the number of neutrons
• the energy levels
• the periodic table groups

Multiple Choice

Elements in the same ________ are more chemically similar.

• group
• period
• club
• table

Multiple Choice

Rows on the periodic table are called _____ while columns are called _____.

• groups, families
• groups, periods
• periods, groups
• families, groups