Biology EOC Review 2

Biology EOC Review 2

Mendelian Genetics, DNA replication, Protein Synthesis, Biotechnology, Human Genome, & Disorders

Multiple Choice

Concept Check: A student noticed that the freshwater plant, Elodea, produced bubbles when placed in direct light. What could the student most likely conclude?

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

• Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of cellular respiration

• Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a a result of cellular respiration

Multiple Choice

The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which cell process would most likely stop if colchicine were added to a culture of human liver cells?

• mitosis

• meiosis

• crossing over

• active transport

Multiple Choice

Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?

• 0 %
• 25%
• 50%
• 75%

Multiple Choice

A __________ is a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein, which leads to a particular trait.

• Gene

• Allele

• Codon

• Nucleotide

Multiple Choice

If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?

• Purple
• Green
• GG
• gg

Multiple Choice

Using the dihybrid cross and key provided, what is the probability of the offspring being tall and white?

• 9
• 2
• 3
• 6

Multiple Choice

What proportion of the offspring in Figure 11-4 would be expected to have white, smooth hair?

• 9/16
• 3/16
• 4/16
• 1/16

Multiple Choice

What are the possible genotypes for this cross?

• TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
• all tall
• TT= 75% tt = 25%
• Tt = 100%

Multiple Choice

What goes in box 3

• Aabb

• AABB

• AAbb

• aaBb

Multiple Choice

In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).
According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?

• 25%
• 0%
• 100%
• 50%

Multiple Choice

What is called when a organism has two identical alleles for a trait. TT or tt. RR or rr

• Heterozygous
• Homozygous
• Domozygous
• Thermozygous

Multiple Choice

What is the dominant trait?

• yellow pea seeds
• green pea seeds
• there is no dominant seed
• Jolly green giant

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

• Bb

• BB

• bb

• B

Multiple Choice

This is an example of ___________.

•  Incomplete Dominance
•  Codominance

Multiple Choice

In mice coat color is incompletely dominant. Black and white are homozygous. Brown mice are heterozygous.

What is the genotype for a brown mouse?

• BB

• Bb

• bb

Multiple Choice

When one allele is not dominant over another, resulting in a blended phenotype for heterozygous offspring is considered....

• Incomplete Dominance

• Codominance

Multiple Choice

If two parents have type AB blood, what is the probability that their child will have type O blood?

• 0%
• 25%
• 50%
• 100%

Multiple Choice

If a father is AA and a mother is AB, what is the probability for a child with AB blood? 

• 0%
• 25%
• 50%
• 75%

Multiple Choice

Examples include skin color and height (the individual's phenotype exists somewhere along a spectrum)

• polygenic inheritance

• multiple alleles

• linked genes

• incomplete dominance

Multiple Choice

AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance? Both alleles show in the phenotype

• complete dominance

• incomplete dominance

• codominance

• polygenic inheritance

Multiple Choice

Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

• Bob

• Sue

• John

• Lisa

Multiple Choice

A single gene has 3 or more alleles. These are called

• multiple genes

• multiple alleles

• codominance

• polygenic traits

Multiple Choice

What type of inheritance is determined by multiple genes and there can be a range of traits?

• Codominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Polygenic traits

Multiple Choice

What is the genotype of a person with type A blood, who had a father with type O blood?

• AB
• AO
• AA
• OO

Multiple Choice

A personal with type AB blood has which genotype?

• type A

• AA

• I^AI^A

• I^AI^B

Multiple Choice

The genotype of the affected son and daughter at the bottom of this pedigree...

• homozygous dominant
• homozygous recessive
• heterozygous
• Can't tell

Multiple Choice

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

• Autosomal Recessive
• Autosomal Dominant
• Sex Linked

Multiple Choice

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

• Autosomal Dominant
• Sex Linked
• Autosomal Recessive

Multiple Choice

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

• Autosomal Recessive
• Autosomal Dominant
• Sex Linked

Multiple Choice

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

• Autosomal Dominant

• Autosomal Recessive

• Sex Linked Recessive

Multiple Choice

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

• Autosomal Dominant
• Autosomal Recessive
• Sex Linked Recessive

Multiple Choice

Hemophilia (h) is an x-linked recessive trait. What is the genotype of Charles and Marie's child?

• X^HX^H

• X^HX^h

• X^hX^h

• X^HY

• X^hY

Multiple Choice

Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?

• X^HX^h
• X^hX^h
• X^HY
• X^hY

Multiple Choice

Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?

• X^HX^h
• X^hX^h
• X^HX^H
• X^hY

Multiple Choice

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X ^R X ^r ?

• male with white eyes

• female with red eyes

• male with red eyes

• female with white eyes

Multiple Choice

If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?

• sex-linked trait
• polygenic trait
• codominant trait
• incomplete dominance trait

Multiple Choice

What can you  determine about this person based on their karyotype?

• They have Downs Syndrome
• They have Turner's Syndrome
• They have Edward's Syndrome
• They are completely Normal

Multiple Choice

By looking at this karyotype you can determine that this person ______ ________.

• has Downs Syndrome
• has Monosomy X (Turners Syndrome)
• is  normal
• has Trisomy 13(Patau Syndrome)

Multiple Choice

A zygote has 4 chromosomes, how many chromosomes were in the gametes?

• 2
• 4
• 8
• 1

Multiple Choice

Meiosis goes through _______________.

• PMAT twice.
• PMAT four times.
• Nondisjunction twice.
• Nondisjunction four times.

Multiple Choice

A person with Turner syndrome has only one X chromosome. This means one of their gametes was missing a chromosome.
Which of the following is why gametes sometimes lack a complete chromosome?

• Incomplete dominance
• Nondisjunction
• Inversion mutation
• Substitution mutation

Multiple Choice

A diploid cell of a normal male human contains 

• 22 autosomes and two Y-chromosomes.
• 22 pairs of autosomes and two Y-chromosomes.
• 22 pairs of autosomes, one X and one Y-chromosome
• 22 autosomes and two X-chromosomes

Multiple Choice

In humans, mitosis produces____ chromosomes and _____ chromosomes after Meiosis

• 46, 46
• 92, 46
• 46, 23
• 23, 23

Multiple Choice

What is the diploid number of chromosomes for a bat if the sperm cell has 22 chromosomes?

• 22

• 11

• 44

• 21

Multiple Choice

Which would be considered a somatic cell?

• Sperm cell

• Egg Cell

• Skin Cell

• All of these

Multiple Choice

What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein?

• the nitrogen base on the tRNA

• the hydrogen bonding between nitrogen bases

• the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA

• the nitrogen base bonding on the DNA molecule

Multiple Choice

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Dr. Tanaka discovered a new virus. The virus has a single strand of a nucleic acid, but she does not know if it is DNA or RNA. After running tests, she concludes that it is DNA. Which of the following would lead her to that conclusion?

• It contains uracil.

• It contains adenine.

• It contains thymine.

• It contains cytosine.

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

• mRNA
• tRNA
• rRNA
• RNA polymerase

Multiple Choice

What is the location in the cell for translation?

(site of proten synthesis)

• nucleus

• mitochondria

• ribosome

• chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Amino Acids link together to form?

• Carbohydrates
• DNA
• Protein
• Carbohydrates

Multiple Choice

Every three letters (example: ATC) in DNA codes for what??

• Amino Acid
• Nucleotide
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order?

• Replication, Transcription, Translation

• Translation, Replication, Transcription

• Transcription, Translation, Replication

• Replication, Translation, Transcription

Multiple Choice

A sequence of a DNA template strand is shown.

3' TCC AAT GGC TTA TTT 5'

Which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand?

• Arginine, Leucine, Proline, Asparagine

• Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Leucine

• Serince, Leucine, Proline, Asparagine

• Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Leucine, Glycine

Multiple Choice

A section of DNA contains the following bases in this order: GAT CCT

Which of the following mRNA sequences complements this section of DNA?

• CUA GGA

• TCG AAG

• CTA GGA

• AGC UUC

Multiple Choice

If a strand of DNA had bases in the following order - ATCCGTC, what would be the transcribed mRNA sequence?

• TAGGCAG

• UAGGCAG

• TUGGCUG

• None of the above are correct

Multiple Choice

If one strand of DNA has the sequence TTACCG, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

• AATGGC
• TTACCG
• AACGGC
• AATGGG

Multiple Choice

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by ________ bonds between their base pairs.

• covalent

• hydrogen

• ionic

• peptide

Multiple Choice

Organisms that contain genes from a different organism are called - 

• Transgenic

• Recombinant

• Cloned

• Restricted

Multiple Choice

These diagrams show a variety of cells from the same organism. How can cells from the same organism have such different shapes and functions?

• As each cell differentiates, the DNA changes so that each type of cell has different DNA once it reaches maturity.

• Mutations in the cells' nuclei lead to new combinations of DNA, resulting in different shapes and functions in the different types of cells.

• During differentiation, different parts of the DNA in each type of cell are activated, resulting in the different structure and function of the cells.

• During differentiation, different types of cells produce proteins which destroy the nonactive DNA, leading to cell specialization.

Multiple Choice

Reasons that viruses are considered to be nonliving is because

• They are not cellular

• They cannot reproduce on their own

• They cannot make proteins

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Which technique would most likely be used by forensic scientist?

• Gene cloning

• Gene therapy 

• DNA fingerprinting 

• Karyotyping 

Multiple Choice

Which two bear species are most closely related?

• Bear 1 and Bear 2

• Bear 1 and Bear 3

• Bear 2 and Bear 3

• There’s no way to tell

Multiple Choice

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

• The origin of eukaryotes

• How bacteria live

• How species develop

• Why cells rely on one another