SFP HE WK 6 Protein

WEEK 6
Macronutrients: Proteins

Word Cloud

Which foods are high in protein?

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of protein?

• Nucleic acids
• Monosaccharides

• Nitrogenous acids

• Amino acids

Multiple Choice

What are essential amino acids?

• Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body

• Amino acids that can only be obtained from supplements
• Amino acids found only in vegetables
• Amino acids that are harmful to the body

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true about dietary proteins?

• They can only be obtained from animal-based foods

• Proteins are essential for growth and repair of tissues
• They provide essential amino acids needed to make our own proteins

• They need to be broken down first through proteolysis

Multiple Choice

Which food is plant-based and provides all nine essential amino acids?

• Lentils
• Nuts

• Whole grains

• Soy foods

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

• Fighting infections

• Helping cells divide

• Forming new proteins

• Storing energy

What is protein?

Proteins are large molecules made up of
amino acids.

There are 20 different amino acids, and
our bodies can produce some but not all
of them.

Amino acids contain nitrogen, which
distinguishes protein from fats and
carbohydrates

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Essential and non-essential amino acids

Essential Amino Acids: These are
amino acids that our bodies cannot
produce on their own. They must be
obtained through our diet.

Non-Essential Amino Acids: Our
bodies can synthesize these amino
acids, so it's not necessary to get them
directly from our diet.

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Dietary sources of protein

Animal Sources: Meat, poultry,
fish, eggs, and dairy products
are rich sources of animal-based
protein.

Plant Sources: Legumes
(beans, lentils), tofu, tempeh,
and nuts provide plant-based
protein options.

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Protein quality

Protein quality is determined by
its amino acid composition and
digestibility.

Complete protein sources
contain all the essential amino
acids.

Incomplete protein sources lack
one or more essential amino
acids

A balanced diet can provide all
necessary amino acids

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Complete sources

Incomplete sources

Animal-based
•Meat, chicken, fish

•Eggs

•Dairy products (for example
milk, yoghurt and cheese)

Plant-based
•Soy products

•Quinoa

•Amaranth

Plant-based
•Nuts, nut pastes and seeds

•Legumes, beans and lentils

•Wholegrains (for example
wheat, rice, oats and
buckwheat)

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Protein digestion

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Protein digestion

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Multiple Choice

Where does chemical digestion of protein begin?

• Stomach
• Liver
• Small intestine
• Mouth

Multiple Choice

What is the effect of hydrochloric acid on proteins in the stomach?

• Emulsification of proteins

• Denaturation of proteins
• Hydrolysis of proteins

• Neutralization of proteins

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme initiates the process of protein digestion in the stomach?

• Amylase
• Pepsin
• Trypsin
• Lipase

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme is secreted by the pancreas and continues the digestion of proteins in the small intestine?

• Pepsin
• Amylases

• Lipases

• Proteases

Multiple Select

Which products of protein digestion can be absorbed by intestinal cells? Select all that apply.

• Amino acids

• Dipeptides

• Tripeptides

• Polypeptides

Protein metabolism

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Protein deficiency

Protein deficiency is rare in Australia.

However, older people and people following
strict vegetarian or vegan diets are at
increased risk.

Signs of protein deficiency include:

•wasting and shrinkage of muscle tissue

•oedema (build-up of fluids, particularly in
the feet and ankles)

•anaemia

•slow growth (in children)

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Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by
severe protein deficiency

Maintaining muscle mass with age

From around 50 years of age, humans
begin to gradually lose skeletal muscle.

This is known as sarcopenia and is
common in older people.

Meeting the daily recommended protein
intake may help maintain muscle mass
and strength.

This is important for maintaining ability to
walk and reducing risk of injury from falls.

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Multiple Select

Which groups have elevated protein needs? Select all that apply.

• People with a sedentary lifestyle

• Older adults

• Individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding
• Athletes

Multiple Choice

What is the primary risk associated with eating a lot of protein?

• There usually isn't a health risk

• Nutrient absorption issues

• Kidney disease

• Loss of calcium from bones

Multiple Choice

True or false: It is difficult to meet protein needs through food alone so it is recommended that individuals consume protein supplements.

• True
• False

Recommended protein intake

AMDR: 15-25% of energy intake

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Age

RDI

Men

19-70 yr

64 g/day (0.84 g/kg)

>70 yr

81g/day (1.07 g/kg)

Women

19-70 yr

46 g/day (0.75 g/kg)

>70 yr

57 g/day (0.94 g/kg)

Note: 1g of protein = 17 kJ

Math Response

Byron is an active 26-year-old male weighing 73 kg. He has an estimated energy requirement of 11,300 kJ per day.

What is his Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) of protein?

Show your working. Round your answer to the nearest gram.

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 73\times0.84=61

Deg^°

Rad

Macronutrient summary

Macronutrient

Primary functions

Recommended
intake

Energy content

Food sources

Carbohydrates

Energy source
Spare protein

45-65% of EER

17 kJ/g

Grains, fruits, vegetables,
legumes, dairy products,
sugars

Fat

Energy storage
Insulation and padding
Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Cell membrane structure

20-35% of EER

38 kJ/g

Cooking oils, nuts and
seeds, fatty fish, avocado,
butter and spreads, cheese,
fatty meat

Protein

Build and repair tissues
Enzyme function
Immune system support
Hormone production
Energy source (if needed)

15-25% of EER

17 kJ/g

Lean meats, fish, eggs, milk and cheese, legumes, nuts and seeds

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