Chapter 50 Cognitive

Multiple Choice

Which statement accurately reflects the effects of biologic influences on the development of mental illness in children?

• An infant with a difficult temperament is thought to be at risk for later maladjustment.

• Development of the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which plays a role in the inhibition of impulses, is usually complete by 15 years of age in girls and 18 years of age in boys.

• The likelihood of a child developing a mood disorder when one parent suffers from depression is greater than 50%.

• No demonstrable brain abnormalities are evident in children with ADHD.

Multiple Select

A school nurse is performing an assessment on a 14-year-old client. Which findings would alert the nurse to a possible mood disorder? Select all that apply.

• Psychomotor agitation

• Impulsiveness

• Changes in sleeping patterns

• Difficulty paying attention

• Irritability

Multiple Choice

A 7-year-old child being treated for depression will most likely be given which first-line pharmacologic treatment?

• benzodiazepines

• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

• selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

• tricyclic antidepressants

Multiple Choice

The school nurse is assessing a 12-year-old client suspected of having bulimia. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to see?

• Eroded dental enamel

• Thinning scalp hair

• Sparse body hair

• Dry skin

Multiple Choice

The nurse is caring for a child who has been hospitalized repeatedly at multiple hospitals. There is no clear medical diagnosis and the mother is threatening to leave the hospital against medical advice. The nurse suspects​

• caregiver fabricated illness
• bipolar disorder
• anxiety
• factitious disorder

Multiple Choice

Parents have brought achild in for a well child check. When asked about school performance the parents report that the child has always struggled in class especially with writing. The chid states that they know what they want to write however is never comes outcorrecting when they try to write it down. Which of the following learning disabilities should the nurse suspect?

• Dyscalcia

• Dyspraxia

• Dyslexia

• Dysgraphia

Multiple Choice

The nurse in the well-child clinic observes that a 5-year-old child in the waiting room is having trouble using a crayon to color. During the visit, the same child climbs off the table several times even after the nurse has asked him to stay on the table. Each time the nurse reminds him he says, “Oh, yeah,” and happily climbs back up. The nurse suspects that the child has:

• failure to thrive.

• autism spectrum disorder.

• an addicted caregiver.

• attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD).

Multiple Select

How does the nurse distinguish between oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD)? Select all that apply.

• ODD has milder symptoms.

• Children with CD lack empathy and guilt.

• Symptoms of ODD occur at a younger age than CD.

• Homicidal behavior is sometimes seen with children who have conduct disorder.

• ODD behavior leads to frequent arrests or conflict with the legal system.

Multiple Choice

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old recently diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse would expect to provide teaching regarding which medication?

• Fluoxetine

• Methylphenidate

• Buspirone

• Trazodone

Multiple Choice

A 3-year-old child and parent are in the office for a well visit. Which statement by the parent will the nurse highlight for the health care provider?

• "I have seen my child make progress in motor skills over the past several months."

• "I have noticed my child does not look at people when talking to them."

• "My child does not like to share with the neighborhood kids."

• "My child is now able to read at the same level as other classmates."

Multiple Select

The nurse is talking with the parents of a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Together, they set specific goals of care for the child. Which goals may be included? Select all that apply.

• Promotion of normal development

• Promotion of a low-carbohydrate diet

• Learning

• Social interaction

• Specific language development