SOL Review: Scientific Investigation

Multiple Choice

Why do we use graphs?

• to help us see patterns in data sets

• to make data more interesting

• to make data less boring

• to make data more accurate

Multiple Choice

If you wanted a graph to show how many fruit flies were found in a specific habitat area compared to the number of turtles which graph would you use?

• Pie Chart

• Bar Graph

Multiple Choice

If you want to show the percent of tree species in a forest are birch, which graph would you use?

• Pie Chart

• Bar Graph

Multiple Choice

Which graph would you use if you wanted to show how a plants height changed over time?

• line graph

• scatter plot

Multiple Choice

If you want a graph that shows how test grades vary by hours spent studying

• pie chart

• bar graph

• line graph

• scatter plot

Multiple Choice

What type of graph should be used to show the color car that gets the highest percentage of speeding tickets?

• bar graph

• histogram

• line

• pie chart

• scatterplot

Multiple Choice

What type of graph should be used to show the speed of a car while it slows down?

• bar graph

• histogram

• line

• pie chart

• scatterplot

Multiple Choice

What type of graph should be used to show how many students got an A, B, C, D, or F on a unit exam?

• bar graph

• histogram

• line

• pie chart

• scatterplot

Multiple Choice

What type of graph should be used to show the effect of time on social media on GPA?

• bar graph

• histogram

• line

• pie chart

• scatterplot

Multiple Select

If Row (1) is correct for this graph, choose the things that are true

• as deforestation increases, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases

• increasing deforestation means increasing biodiversity

• decreasing deforestation is caused by high levels of biodiversity

The Experimental Process

​As late as the 17th century, some biologists thought that some simpler forms of life were generated by spontaneous generation. To test the hypothesis, Francesco Redi placed fresh meat in open containers. The rotting meat attracted flies, and the meat was soon swarming with maggots, which hatched into flies. When the jars were tightly covered so that flies could not get in, no maggots were produced. To answer the suggestion that the cover cut off fresh air necessary for spontaneous generation, Redi covered the jars with several layers of porous gauze instead of an air-tight cover. Flies were attracted to the smell of the rotting meat, clustered on the gauze, which was soon swarming with maggots, but the meat itself remained free of maggots.

Multiple Choice

Redi's experiment effectively demonstrates that:

• flies reproduce by larvae called maggots

• gauze is porous

• maggots like meat

• life is necessary to produce life.

Multiple Choice

Which PART OF THE CELL THEORY does this experiment support?

• All living things are made of cells

• All cells come from existing cells

• Cells are the smallest unit of life

• Maggots are made of cells

Louis Pasteurs Experiment

Multiple Choice

Why did Pasteur boil the broth at the start?

• to bring out the flavor

• to dissolve any solid particles

• to remove any possible microbes

​Analyzing Experimental Design

​Two groups of people were assessed in an experiment designed to evaluate reaction time:

​Use this design plan to help you answer the questions that follow.

Open Ended

If the outcomes for each group are as follows, propose an appropriate CONCLUSION:

Group A Reaction time: 0.968 seconds

Group B Reaction time: 0.688 seconds

Open Ended

Propose an appropriate HYPOTHESIS for this experimental design.

Match

Match the following:

• controlled variable

  (constant)

• source of error

• independent variable

• dependent variable

number of students in each group

Group A not controlled for age/gender...

amount of sleep

reaction time

• number of students in each group

• Group A not controlled for age/gender...

• amount of sleep

• reaction time

Multiple Choice

Where is the dependent variable placed on a graph?

• x-axis

• y-axis

• either the x-axis or the y-axis

• neither the x-axis nor the y-axis

Labelling

Label where the IV and DV would be placed on this graph

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

IV

DV

Interpreting Graphs

Multiple Choice

Doubling the amount of sunlight from 3 to 6 hours always doubles the plant growth

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

According to this graph, the trend shows

• an increase in cases every year

• a higher overall population every year

• a cyclic change from year to year

Multiple Choice

According to this graph, the general trend in drink consumption is

• people consume more as they get older

• soft drinks are the most popular drinks for teenagers

• people never drink energy drinks

• nobody drinks water

Multiple Choice

When graphing average temperatures in Fort Collins over the past year, what should go on the y-axis?

• average temperature

• temperature

• time

• location

Multiple Choice

When graphing average temperatures in Fort Collins over the past year, what should go on the x-axis?

• average temperature

• temperature

• time

• location

Multiple Choice

How many total students are in the science class?

• 13
• 6
• 27
• 25

Multiple Choice

What is the highest score in the class?

• 88%
• 100%
• 13
• 98%

Multiple Choice

How many students received a score of 94%?

• 94

• 4

• 1

• 2

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between the shortest and the longest distance of the baseball thrown?

• 1,005 feet

• 85 feet

• 82 feet

• 80 feet

Multiple Choice

The team scored 50 points. How many points did Kendrick score?

• 12 points
• 20 points
• 10 points
• 72 points

Multiple Choice

Choose the graph that matches the following scenario:

A student walked to his locker, stopped for a few seconds and then continued on the same path to class.

Read the problems and identify the independent, dependent variable in each as well as constants.

Multiple Choice

The higher the temperature of the water, the faster the egg will boil. What is the dependent variable (the effect)

• The egg

• The temperature of water

• The type of water

• The time it takes the egg to boil

Multiple Choice

Students of different age groups were asked to put the same jigsaw puzzle together, they were timed to see how long it took. What is the dependent variable?

• Age of students

• The jigsaw puzzle size

• The time to complete puzzle

• The music they listened to

Multiple Choice

Students of different age groups were asked to put the same jigsaw puzzle together, they were timed to see how long it took. What is the independent variable?

• The age of the student

• The jigsaw puzzle

• The time to complete puzzle

• The music they listened to

Open Ended

Do tomatoes grow fastest under fluorescent, incandescent, or natural light? What is the independent variable?

Open Ended

Do tomatoes grow fastest under fluorescent, incandescent, or natural light?

List as many constants that you can think of.

Open Ended

David selected four different CD’s to find out which type helped him to finish his homework the fastest. The first CD was rock, the second rap/hip-hop, the third classical, and the fourth was country. He chose a math assignment that required concentration. David used a stopwatch with an alarm to make sure that he only listened to each CD for 5 minutes. Each time the alarm went off, he recorded how many problems he was able to finish. Identify the:

Independent Variable (IV)

Dependent Variable (DV)

Constants (list two)

Categorize

Options (16)

fur color

height in centimeters

weight in kilograms

age in years

temperature in degrees Celsius

distance in meters

time in seconds

price in dollars

eye color

hair texture

favorite color

music genre

marital status

education level

employment status

hobby

Organize these options into the right categories​

quantitative data

qualitative data