The Earths Sphere and weather review

notes:
There are five different spheres:

1. Geosphere -ground

2. Hydrosphere-water

3. Cryosphere-ice

4. Biosphere ​-life

5. Atmosphere-air

The Geosphere, is the solid non-living part of the earth, from the core to the mountains. It is divided into 3 layers:

1. the crust

2. the mantle

3. the core

​

Notes:
What is the Geosphere?aka lithosphere

​What belongs in the Geosphere?

• ​rocks

• ​soil

• ​crystals

• ​mountains

• ​magma and lava

The Hydrosphere contains all of the liquid water

The Hydrosphere connects all of the Earth's Spheres through the Water Cycle.

The Water Cycle is the continuous movement of water through
- evaporation( Water to Water vapor),
-condensation (water vapor to water droplet or clouds),
- precipitation, and
- runoff.

Notes: What is the Hydrosphere?

​What belongs in the Hydrosphere?

• lakes

• ​rivers

• ​oceans

• ​rain

• ​groundwater

Multiple Choice

This sphere includes the continents, the ocean floor, all the rocks on the surface, and all of the sand in the deserts. 

• Hydrosphere 
• Biosphere 
• Atmosphere 
• Geosphere 

Multiple Choice

When temperatures begin to cool by several degrees Celsius, changes occur between Earth's atmosphere, cryosphere, and hydrosphere. Which statement correctly shows the interaction between each?

• less ice melts and ocean levels rise

• more icebergs form and ocean levels rise

• less precipitation falls and ocean levels drop

• more water is locked in ice sheets and ocean levels drop

Multiple Choice

During the summer, wildfires are common in Northern Florida. The smoke gets carried by wind into highly populated areas, where humans and other animals have difficulty breathing. Which spheres of the Earth are interacting in this example?

• atmosphere and biosphere

• cryosphere and biosphere

• atmosphere and cryosphere

• geosphere and biosphere

Multiple Choice

Composed of all the water on or near the earth

• Hydrosphere 
• Biosphere 
• Atmosphere 
• Geosphere 

Multiple Choice

Addison's school day is delayed because of fog. Why is fog more often seen in the morning than in the afternoon?

• . because water is more likely to freeze when it is cooler

• because water is more likely to circulate when it is cooler

• because water is more likely to condense when it is cooler

• because water is more likely to evaporate when it is cooler

Multiple Choice

This sphere is composed of all the living things 

• Hydrosphere 
• Biosphere 
• Atmosphere 
• Geosphere 

Multiple Choice

Which spheres would feel volcanic eruptions and earthquakes?

• geosphere and hydrosphere
• geosphere and mesosphere
• stratosphere and hydrosphere
• stratosphere and thermosphere

Multiple Choice

This picture best describes which connection?

• Atmosphere-Biosphere
• Hydrosphere-Atmosphere
• Hydrosphere-Geosphere
• Geosphere-Biosphere

Multiple Choice

This picture shows

• Atmosphere
• Biosphere
• Hydrosphere
• Geosphere

The mixture of gases that we commonly refer to as air is the atmosphere.
It consists of
78% Nitrogen,
21% Oxygen, and
1% of other gases.

Notes: What is the Atmosphere?

​What belongs in the Atmosphere?

• clouds

• ​fog

• ​oxygen

• ​all the gasses

Multiple Choice

What is the atmosphere?

• all the air and gases on the planet

• made up of living things

• the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

• the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

Multiple Choice

The ozone layer is a sublayer of the ________ layer.

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Exosphere

• Mesosphere

Multiple Choice

The hole in the ozone layer of Earth has caused negative environmental issues for many years. The decreasing size of the hole in the ozone layer will  most likely have which effect on Earth's environment?

• increased global temperatures

• increased melting of polar ice caps

• increased blockage of ultraviolet radiation

• increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

The graph shows how temperature changes with altitude in the Earth's atmosphere. In the troposphere...

• Temperature decreases as altitude increases
• Temperature increases as altitude increases
• Temperature alternately increases and decreases as altitude increases
• Temperature stays the same as altitude increases

Multiple Choice

Most of the mass in Earth's atmosphere is found:

• In the exosphere.

• In the stratosphere.

• In the thermosphere.

• In the troposphere.

Multiple Choice

Earth's atmosphere is made up of four different layers. In which of the following layer does virtually all of Earth's weather take place?

• Stratosphere
• Mesosphere
• Thermosphere
• Troposphere

​What belongs in the Cryosphere?

• ​ice

• snow

• glaciers

• icebergs

• all the ice on Earth

Notes: What is the Biosphere?

• The biosphere includes all living things on planet Earth like animals, plants and microorganisms. 

Multiple Select

Select all the spheres that you see in the image.

• Hydrosphere

• Cryosphere

• Atmosphere

• Biosphere

• Geosphere

Multiple Select

Select all the spheres that you see in the image.

• Hydrosphere

• Cryosphere

• Atmosphere

• Biosphere

• Geosphere

Multiple Choice

Sheep drinking water from a puddle.

• Atmosphere and hydrosphere.

• Cryosphere and biosphere.

• Biosphere and hydrosphere.

Multiple Choice

Which spheres are interacting in the picture

• Geosphere and biosphere.

• Hydrosphere and cryosphere.

• Biosphere and atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

What causes wind?

• convection currents
• conduction currents
• radiation currents
• tropical currents

Match

Match the following

• Jet stream

• Ocean current

• Temperature

• Humidity

• Precipitation

A narrow belt of strong winds

A movement of large streams of surface s

A measure of how hot or cold something i

The amount of water vapor in the air

Snow, Sleet, Hail, Rain

• A narrow belt of strong winds

• A movement of large streams of surface s

• A measure of how hot or cold something i

• The amount of water vapor in the air

• Snow, Sleet, Hail, Rain

Multiple Choice

3. Leslie lives in an area where the weather forecaster announces that an air mass formed over the ocean in the tropics and is moving into the area where she lives. What kind of weather can Leslie expect to encounter? 

• Warm and dry 

• Cold and dry 

• 3. Cold and wet 

• warm and wet

Multiple Choice

Below is a diagram of air masses

• Fast flowing narrow air current found in the atmosphere 

• 2. Fast spinning  air mass high in the atmosphere. 

• Slow spinning air mass low in the atmosphere. 

• Slow and wide air current found in the atmosphere. 

Multiple Choice

Leslie lives in an area where the weather forecaster announces that an air mass formed over the ocean in the tropics and is moving into the area where she lives. What kind of weather can Leslie expect to encounter?

• Warm and dry

• Cold and dry

• Cold and wet

• Warm and wet

Multiple Choice

In science class, Sue and Jamal are learning about Earth’s spheres. Today they learned how the five different spheres interact. Which statement BEST describes what they learned about the interaction of Earth’s spheres?

• Weather is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere.

• Life in the oceans is an example of an interaction between the biosphere and the geosphere.

• A plant's need for water is an example of an interaction between the biosphere and the cryosphere.

• Weathering and erosion is an example of an interaction between the hydrosphere and the cryosphere.

Multiple Select

Why do areas near the equator have warm climates?

(Lesson 1.02)

• The equator is closer to the sun than the poles

• There is less land near the equator

• It snows in areas away from the equator

• The equator gets the most sun year round

Multiple Choice

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) uses weather data and climate data. Which of the following is NOAA’s most likely reason for using climate data?

a. Predicting tomorrow’s temperature highs and lows.

b. Calculating the chance of rainfall this Saturday.

c. Identifying states with the lowest annual rainfall.

d. Warning the public of days when roads will be closed due to ice.

• Predicting tomorrow’s temperature highs and lows.

• Calculating the chance of rainfall this Saturday.

• c. Identifying states with the lowest annual rainfall.

• Warning the public of days when roads will be closed due to ice.

Multiple Select

A band of strong winds that are high in the atmosphere and blow from west to east across the entire planet. These winds impact weather and air travel.

(Lesson 1.08)

• jet stream

• coastal wind

• climate

• trade wind

Multiple Choice

Scientists have been studying the rate of melting glaciers around the world for over a century. They are concerned that some of the world’s largest glaciers are melting at ever increasing rates. Which of the following statements BEST describes how melting polar ice could most likely affect the climate on Earth?

• a. Worldwide temperature may fall due to the cooling of the oceans by the melting ice.

• b. Worldwide temperatures would fall as land cools off at a faster rate than the oceans.

• c. Worldwide temperatures may rise because the glaciers are no longer reflecting solar radiation.

• . Worldwide temperatures would be higher in the summer with no ice to cool the atmosphere, but no change in winter temperatures.

Multiple Select

Select all the items that are influenced by jet streams.

(Lesson 1.08)

• atmospheric chemistry

• precipitation

• car travel

• temperature

Multiple Choice

What happens to air pressure as you go up towards outer space?

(Lesson 1.04 )

• air pressure stays the same

• air pressure goes up

• air pressure goes down

• altitude doesn't change air pressure

Weather vs Climate: What is the Difference?

Multiple Choice

Local weather stations use radar to inform the public of weather conditions. Why is Doppler radar effective at tracking tornadoes and large bands of precipitations?

• Microwave radiation is reflected off precipitation.

• Can be transmitted through man-made structures.

• Infrared radiation is absorbed by bands of precipitation.

• Has the ability to separate between weather and non-weather related events.

​Look in your notes for: Weather Maps

​Isobars: connect areas of equal pressure

​Isotherms: connect areas with the same temperature

​How can we use this map to make predictions about the weater?

Multiple Choice

​Brief, heavy thunderstorms

• Warm front

• Cold Front

• Stationary Front

• Occluded Front

Multiple Choice

When two air masses meet and do not move.

• Warm front

• Cold Front

• Stationary Front

• Occluded Front

Multiple Choice

Cold air mass pushes under warm air mass

• Warm front

• Cold Front

• Stationary Front

• Occluded Front

Multiple Choice

Which type of weather is caused by low-pressure systems?

• no winds

• sunny skies

• dry weather

• Rain or storm

Multiple Choice

Strong westward-blowing trade winds along the equator normally drive warm surface water across the Pacific Ocean from the eastern Pacific to the western Pacific. However, every two to seven years these trade winds weaken allowing warmer than normal water temperatures to occur along the coastlines in the eastern Pacific and cooler than normal water temperatures to occur along the coastlines in the western Pacific. This is called an El Niño event.

Which of the following weather patterns is probably NOT the result of an El Niño event?

• . A decrease in precipitation around point X

• A decrease in precipitation around point Z

• An increase in air temperatures around point Y

• An increase in air temperatures around point Z

Multiple Choice

Which global wind blows toward the equator?

• Trade winds

• Westerlies

Multiple Choice

Which global wind blows toward the Poles?

• Trade winds

• Westerlies

Multiple Choice

A Jet Stream is: 

• circulation of warm and cold water

• fast moving currents of wind

• very slow

• only located in the South pole

Multiple Choice

The jet stream occurs

• in the atmosphere (air)

• in the ocean

Multiple Choice

The gulf stream occurs

• in the atmosphere (air)

• in the ocean

​Look in your notes for: Global winds

​

Multiple Choice

The jet stream flows from

• east to west

• west to east

Multiple Choice

The jet stream flows from

• east to west

• west to east

Multiple Choice

South of the jet stream experiences

• Cooler temperatures

• Warmer temperatures