DNA and Gene Expression

Open Ended

How long do you think the DNA in a single human cell would be if it were stretched out and lined up end to end?​

How is this possible?

About 2 meters long!
This is amazing considering that the nucleus of a human cell is typically only a few micrometers in diameter!

BioMan Biology

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Multiple Choice

DNA is a polymer made of:

• Nucleotides
• Ribosomes
• Purines
• Pyrimidines

Multiple Choice

A nucleotide is composed of

• A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

• A protein, sulfur and guanine

• A phosphate, lipid and a base

• A protein, sugar and nitrogenous base

Multiple Choice

The bonds that join nucleotides to form DNA and RNA are called:

• Peptide Bonds
• Ester Bonds
• Glycosidic Bonds

• Phosphodiester Bonds

Multiple Choice

Which bonds join the nitrogenous bases in the centre of the DNA strand?

• Covalent Bonds
• Ionic Bonds
• Hydrogen Bonds
• Metallic Bonds

Multiple Choice

Suppose a double-stranded DNA molecule was shown to have 15% adenine bases. What would be the expected percentage of guanine bases in that molecule?

• 15%
• 35%
• 85%
• Not enough information

Multiple Choice

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand?

ATG TGA CAG

• ATG TGA CAG
• TAC ACT GTC
• GTA AGT GAC
• CAT TCA CTG

Categorize

Options (10)

long

short

usually single-stranded

ATCG

AUCG

double-stranded

Deoxyribose

Ribose

A-T, C-G

A-U, C-G

Organize these options into the right categories

DNA

RNA

Match

Match the following

• The complete set of genetic material (DNA) in an organism.​

• A specific sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.​

• One of the different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.​

• The process by which a gene is used to produce a protein.​

• The physical location of a gene on a chromosome.​

Genome

Gene

Allele

Gene expression

Locus

• Genome

• Gene

• Allele

• Gene expression

• Locus

LabXchange

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Multiple Choice

In order for a gene to be expressed, ___ must bind to the gene's ___, a specific sequence of nucleotides at one end of the gene, thus initiating transcription.

• DNA polymerase, promotor

• DNA polymerase, operator

• RNA polymerase, promotor

• RNA polymerase, operator

Multiple Choice

RNA polymerase catalyses the polymerization of mRNA in which direction?

• only 5’ → 3’

• only 3’ → 5’

• any direction

• none of these

Multiple Choice

If the template strand has the sequence 3' GCTATA 5', what is the sequence of the mRNA transcript?

• 3' GCUAUA 5'

• 5' CGATAT 3'

• 5' CGAUAU 3'

• 3' GCUTUT 5'

Multiple Choice

If the sequence of the coding strand is 5’ GCCGTACCGTTACG 3’ , then the sequence of mRNA will be:

• 5’ GCAUUGCCAUGCCG 3’

• 3’ CGGUACCGUUAGCC 5’

• 5’ GCCGUACCGUUACG 3’

• 3’ CGGCAUGGCAAUGC 5’

Multiple Select

RNA processing in eukaryotes includes:

• Addition of a 5' cap

• Addition of a poly-A tail

• Intron splicing

• Addition of a poly-T tail

• Addition of a 3' cap

LabXchange

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Multiple Choice

What structure of this molecule binds with the mRNA molecule?

• Amino Acid
• tRNA
• Anticodon
• Codon

Multiple Choice

What does rRNA do?

• provides information from DNA to ribosomes
• transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
• makes up ribosomes
• regulates gene expression

Multiple Choice

UUA codes for which amino acid?

• Phenylalanine
• Tyrosine
• Leucine
• Stop codon

Multiple Select

Which mRNA sequence/s code for glutamine? Select all that apply.

• CGU

• CAG

• CUA

• CAA

LabXchange

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Categorize

Options (6)

repressor binds to the operator

lac operon is not transcribed

no lactose metabolism occurs

lactose inhibits the repressor

lac operon is transcribed

lactose metabolism occurs

What processes occur in E. coli in the presence and absence of lactose?

Absence of lactose in the environment

Presence of lactose in the environment

Match

Match the following

• Proteins that induce or repress transcription

• Code for proteins not involved in gene regulation

• Control the expression of structural genes via the production of transcription factors

• Control the expression of numerous regulatory genes during embryonic development

• Genes that are turned on all of the time

Transcription factors

Structural genes

Regulatory genes

Master regulatory genes

Constitutive genes

• Transcription factors

• Structural genes

• Regulatory genes

• Master regulatory genes

• Constitutive genes