Biogeochemical Cycles Review

Multiple Choice

What is the definition for Biogeochemical Cycles?

• The process of photosynthesis and respiration in plants.

• A pathway for chemicals necessary for life to move through the environment. 

• The movement of energy through living organisms in an ecosystem.

• The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following subsystem consists of water on Earth?

• Atmosphere

• Biosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Lithosphere

Transpiration

When we are hot, we perspire. When plants are hot, they transpire.

Multiple Choice

Water vapor forms in the garden. The water is coming from plants and soil in the garden. Which process is happening?

• perspiration

• transpiration

• condensation

Multiple Choice

Later in the day, clouds start to form in the sky. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon?

• Condensation, water vapor cools into liquid water

• Condensation, liquid water cools and combine into clouds

• Evaporation, water vapor rises into the sky

• Evaporation, liquid water heats up into water vapor

Multiple Choice

A cloud is part of Earth's _________.

• Atmosphere

• Lithosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Biosphere

Multiple Choice

As the clouds move away, it got darker and darker. Not long after, water droplets start to fall from it.

1. What do you call this process?

2. Why does the droplets fall?

• 1. Melting. The water molecules are losing energy and therefore, falls from the atmosphere.

• 1. Precipitation

  2. The water droplets are too heavy to float as clouds so they fall.

• 1. Precipitation.

  2. All droplets fall back to Earth.

As water reaches the ground...

runoff: water flows on the surface of the lithosphere

infiltration: water flows vertically from above ground to subsurface, a major source of groundwater

seepage: slow horizontal movement of water across soil or building material

Multiple Choice

Shortly after the rain falls down onto the mountains,

1. what will most likely happens?

2. what becomes of the water?

• 1. The water start to infiltrate into the ground.

  2. Groundwater

• 1. The water runoff into the ground.

  2. Groundwater

• 1. The water seep into the plants.

  2. Plant roots

• 1. The liquid evaporate into gas or water vapor.

  2. Clouds

Water

The hydrosphere is made of freshwater or varying concentration of saltwater.

Multiple Choice

Of all the water on Earth, _____ is fresh water.

• 97%

• 0.5%

• 10%

• 3%

Multiple Choice

Human consumption of water depends on the following sources EXCEPT

• groundwater

• seawater

• reservoirs

• asteroids

Multiple Choice

Temperature starts to increase as summer approaches. You see the snow getting lesser on the mountain. Yet, there is no water pooling on the ground. What process is happening to the snow?

• condensation, water molecules are getting closer, making the snow looks less

• infiltration, water molecules in the snow entering the soil

• sublimation, water molecules in the solid snow rise up into the atmosphere as vapor

• evaporation, water molecules molecules in the liquid snow rise up into the atmosphere as vapor

Multiple Choice

When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.

• Water
• Atmosphere
• Sun
• Air

Match

Match the following

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Nitrification

• Ammonification

• Denitrification

Bacteria fix N2 into NH3

Bacteria change NH3 & NH4 into NO3 & NO2

Decomposers change N into NH3 or NH4

Bacteria make atmospheric N2

• Bacteria fix N2 into NH3

• Bacteria change NH3 & NH4 into NO3 & NO2

• Decomposers change N into NH3 or NH4

• Bacteria make atmospheric N2

Labelling

Label the organisms that are part of the Nitrogen Cycle!

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria

Nitrifying Bacteria

Nitrifying Bacteria

Denitrifying Bacteria

Decomposers

Multiple Choice

This is NOT a part of the phosphorus cycle.

• Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks

• Phosphate bound to soil

• Atmospheric phosphate

• Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants

Multiple Choice

_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .

• Precipitation

• Runoff

• Transpiration

• Condensation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?

• Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
• The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
• Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
• The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.

Multiple Choice

What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?

• absorb phosphorous 
• release phosphorous into atmosphere
• return phosphorous into the soil
• combustion

Multiple Choice

How does carbon in a grass plant get into a lion?

• The lion eats the grass
• Carbon from grass doesn't end up in a lion. 
• The carbon ends up in the food the lion eats. 
• The lion breathes in carbon given out by the plant

Multiple Choice

Too much phosphorus in waterways (rivers, lakes) can lead to___________.

• eutrophication

• nothing

• decreased pH levels

• diseases

Multiple Choice

Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...

• bacteria

• plants

• animals

• producers

Multiple Choice

What is the phosphorus' symbol on the periodic table?

• P

• pH

• Ph

• PO

Multiple Choice

This is NOT a part of the phosphorus cycle.

• Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks

• Phosphate bound to soil

• Atmospheric phosphate

• Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants

Multiple Choice

The major sink for phosphorus is

• sedimentary rock

• atmospheric gases

• seawater

• plants

Multiple Choice

Photosynthesis

• absorbs CO₂
• releases CO₂

Multiple Choice

In order to make a complete cycle for phosphorus, you need to make new rocks through heat, time, and pressure.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen is available in the soil, and is available for _____ who pass it onto consumers through the food web.

• producers
• heterotrophs
• decomposers
• scavengers

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen is needed in living things because:

• It is found in carbohydrates which give energy to organisms

• It is found in glucose which is a main food source

• It is found in proteins and nucleic acids, both important macromolecules

• It is found in lipids and cell membranes.

Multiple Choice

Sunlight is needed for the carbon cycle because

• Plants need sunlight to perform photosynthesis

• Animals need sunlight to perform cellular respiration

• Sunlight turns carbon in the soil into fossil fuels

• Sunlight combines carbon and oxygen into CO₂

Match

Match the following description to the name of the process.

• condensation

• evaporation

• precipitation

• transpiration

cool off water vapor to form clouds

heat from sun turns water to water vapor

water falls as rain, snow, sleet

evaporation of water from plants

• cool off water vapor to form clouds

• heat from sun turns water to water vapor

• water falls as rain, snow, sleet

• evaporation of water from plants

Multiple Select

All of the following release carbon dioxide into the air except:

• respiration of humans and animals

• decomposition of organisms

• burning of fossil fuels

• Photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere by

• Burning fossil fuels 
• Cellular respiration
• Decomposing organic matter
• All answers are correct

Multiple Choice

How nitrogen is "fixed" into useable form for plants

• through action of bacteria
• through lightning
• through action of bacteria & lightning
• through photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Matter can recycle through the biosphere because

• matter does not change into new compounds.
• matter is assembled into chemical compounds.
• biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it.
• biological systems use only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

Multiple Choice

Respiration is the process by which ____________ is consumed and _______________ is produced.

• Carbon, Oxygen
• Oxygen, Carbon dioxide
• H20, oxygen
• Carbon, H2O

Multiple Choice

Which processes connect the water and carbon cycles together?

• Photosynthesis and Respiration

• Nitrogen Fixation and Denitrification

• Transpiration and Evaporation

• Deposition and Combustion

Multiple Choice

A farmer growing corn wants to ensure the good growth and high yield (grow lots of corn). All of the following are things that would favor high corn yield except?

• Good nitrogen content in soil/fertilizer

• Lots of denitrifying bacteria taking nitrogen out of the soil

• Good infiltration, allowing water into the soil.

• Nitrogen fixating bacteria in the soil

Multiple Choice

Which process takes nitrates and turns it back into nitrogen gas?

• Assimilation

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Denitrification

• Nitrification

Multiple Select

What things add phosphorus to the soil? Check all that apply.

• Decomposition

• Erosion

• Excretion

• Lightning

• Respiration

Multiple Choice

Phosphorous is passed from plants to ____ who eat them

• plants
• animals
• scavengers

Multiple Choice

_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .

• precipitation
• runoff
• transpiration
• condensation

Multiple Choice

Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?

• water
• nutrients
• air
• fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen in the soil has been fixed by bacteria. It is now available for use by ___. 

• humans
• plants
• fungi
• the water cycle