Trade, Japan, Africa & Americas Review

Japan
African Kingdoms
the Americas

SOL 10 & SOL 11

Medieval Trading
Routes & Goods

SOL 10a/b

List the Major Trade Routes

Region

❏

Asia to the Mediterranean

❏

Indian Ocean

❏

North Africa

❏

Northern Europe

❏

Western Europe

❏

Southeast Asia

Trade Routes

➢

Silk Roads

➢

Maritime Routes

➢

Trans-Saharan Routes

➢

Links to the Black Sea

➢

Sea & River Routes

➢

South China Sea/Land Routes

Labeling

Identify the Medieval Trade Routes

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Trans-Saharan Route

Southeast Asian Routes

Baltic to Black Sea Routes

Silk Roads

Indian Maritime Routes

Western Europe Sea & River Routes

Match

Match the following goods to their place of origin

• Gold & Salt

• Compass

• Amber

• Windmills & Waterwheels

• Buddhism & Lateen Sail

West Africa

China

Baltic Region

Middle East

India

• West Africa

• China

• Baltic Region

• Middle East

• India

Multiple Choice

The growth of maritime and overland trading routes led to

• decreased interest in inventions and technology

• the limited migration of peoples

• cultural diffusion

• the development of subsistence agriculture

Multiple Choice

This map shows the spread of two major Asian religions. Which religion's spread is represented by the solid line?

• Hinduism

• Islam

• Buddhism

• Confucianism

Multiple Choice

According to the map, what weather phenomenon aided trading ships sailing between Africa and Asia?

• Smooth Seas

• Monsoon winds

• Typhoons

Japan

SOL 10c

Japan is an Archipelago - a group

or string of Islands

Multiple Choice

The Sea which separates China from Japan is referred to as

• The Sea of Japan; the East Sea

• The East Sea; the Korean Sea

• The South China Sea; the Sea of Japan

• The North China Sea; the West Sea

Multiple Choice

What is the term for a chain of islands?

• mainland

• peninsula

• archipelago

• strait

China’s influence on Japan

❏

China will eventually
spread their culture
eastward

❏

Culture will first spread
through the Korean
Peninsula

❏

From Korea, culture will
spread to the Japanese
islands by traders

Multiple Choice

What country served as a cultural landbridge between China & Japan

• Russia

• India

• Vietnam

• Korea

Characters

Calligraphy = the art of
beautiful handwriting.

Pagodas

Japanese Tea Ceremony Bonsai Gardening

Multiple Choice

China's influence on Japan is shown in all of the following ways EXCEPT

• Landscape Painting

• Shintoism

• the Writing System

• Architecture

Shintoism

❏

Unique to Japan

❏

Religion of the Emperor -
therefore the State
Religion

❏

Emperor was worshipped
as a god.

❏

Shintoism coexisted with
Buddhism which arrived
via Korean diplomats.

Shintoism

❖ Shintoism believes in

nature spirits.
➢ The Spirit which is

found in all nature is
called Kami

❖ Those who practice

Shintoism also worship
their Ancestors

Why Nature Spirits?

❏ Impacted by Nature

& surrounded by
Nature.
❏

Islands

❏

Tsunamis

❏

Mountains

Japanese Art

Torii Gate

❏

A torii gate marks the entrance
to a Shinto Shrine

Multiple Choice

This structure is called a(n)

• Torii Gate

• Water Gate

• Pagoda Gate

• Kami Gate

Multiple Choice

Shintoism is a nature-based religion, often compared to

• Animism

• Monotheism

• Polytheism

• Henotheism

Multiple Choice

This image is reflective of which Asian religion?

• Shinto

• Buddhism

• Confucianism

• Daoism

Multiple Select

Choose the 2 religions that had the greatest impact on Japan

• Hinduism

• Buddhism

• Shintoism

• Confucianism

Japanese Feudalism

❏

Just like in Western
Europe, Japanese
Emperors traded land
for protection and
loyalty

❏

The actual ruler was a
military man called the
Shogun.

❏

Warriors were called the
Samurai

❏
Merchants ranked the
lowest

Multiple Choice

Which person had very little power in feudal Japan and was a symbol?

• Women
• farmers
• shoguns
• emperors

Multiple Choice

What is a shogun?

• A Japanese military leader who rules until a young emperor is old enough to rule.
• A Chinese ruler who rules Japan in times of war.
• A Japanese military leader who rules in place of the emperor.
• A high ranking landowning nobleman

Multiple Choice

What describes the role of the daimyo in feudal Japan?

• they were poor farmers
• they were rich landowners
• they were powerful generals
• they were professional soldiers

Multiple Choice

In Europe, knights followed a code called Chivalry, for the samurai it is...

• Bushido

• Kami

• Shinto

• Daimyo

African Kingdoms

10d

1.

West African
Kingdoms
along the Niger
River

2.

Eastern Trading
Kingdoms
between the
Nile River and
the Red Sea

3.

Great
Zimbabwe
between the
Zambezi and
Limpopo Rivers

What is Sub-Saharan?

❏

Prior to the Middle Ages,
most African “civilizations”
were along the Nile River
and North Africa

❏

During the Middle Ages,
trade will bring new wealth
and ideas to Sub-Saharan
Africa

❏

Sub-Saharan refers to any
part of African that lies
below the Sahara Desert

Labeling

Label the 3 African Regions we have studied.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Great Zimbabwe

Axum

Ghana, Mali, Songhai

Match

Match the following river(s) to their correct location.

• Zambezi & Limpopo

• Nile

• Niger

Great Zimbabwe

Axum

Ghana, Mali, Songhai

• Great Zimbabwe

• Axum

• Ghana, Mali, Songhai

The Bantu Migrations

❖ Bantu means - “the

People”

❖ Large migrations from

equatorial Africa to
other regions

❖ All tribes spoke a

similar language based
in the Bantu language

The Bantu Migrations

Effects of Migration

1.

Adopted Cattle Farming

2.

Displaced
hunting-gathering peoples

3.

Exchanged ideas/customs;
intermarried

4.

Shared knowledge of
ironmaking; agriculture

5.

Spread Bantu languages

Multiple Choice

..."One theory is that there were waves of migration, one moving through the east of Africa and another making its way through the center of the continent. In Zambia, there is evidence of at least three routes of migration - from the great lakes, form the Congo forest and from Angola."...-Source:BBC, The Story of Africa:Early History
This passage about the early history of Africa describes migrations associated with which group of people?

• Moors

• Bantu

• Babylonians

• Phoenicians

Multiple Choice

The primary reason the Bantu-speaking people of West Africa migrated southward and eastward between 500 BCE and 1500 CE was to

• Flee warfare

• Establish a colonial empire

• Seek religious freedom

• Find land for farming and grazing

West African Kingdoms

1. 3 Major West African

Kingdoms:
a. Ghana
b. Mali
c. Songhai

2. Located near the Niger River
3. Made their wealth off taxing the

trade of Gold & Salt

❏

Made
their
wealth
off of the
Gold-Salt
Trade

West African Kingdoms

❖ Beginning with Mali,

they will adopt the
Islamic religion from
Islamic Traders

❖ The city of Timbuktu

will become an African
center of Islamic
culture & religion.

Reorder

Place the following African Kingdoms in order from first to last...

• Ghana

• Mali

• Songhai

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Fill in the Blanks

The kings of Mali's Empire were followers of

, and spread the religion throughout their kingdom.

Multiple Choice

West African kingdoms gained immense wealth due to their large supply of what resources?

• Gold and Salt

• Cotton and Silk

• Silver and Gems

• Servants and Wheat

TIMBUKTU

Multiple Choice

What city was a major trade center in Africa?

• Tripoli

• Alexandria

• Timbuktu

• Mesopotamia

West African Kingdoms

❖ Mansa Musa

➢

Mali King

➢

Decides to make the
Hajj to Mecca

➢

On his journey across
Africa, gives away so
much gold - causes a
drop in Global gold
prices!

This comic tells the
story of Mansa Musa.
Read the Comic and list
3 things you learned
about his journey.

Multiple Choice

Mansa Musa was from which country in Africa

• Mali

• Congo

• Madagascar

• I don't Know

Multiple Choice

Musa was famous for making a pilgrimage to?

• Mali

• Mecca

• Miami

• None of these

Multiple Choice

What did Mansa Musa do on his way to Mecca that made him famous?

• He gave gold to the poor along his way

• He took a large impressive army that made people fear him

• He stole gold from everyone along his way

• He got lost

❖

Notice that the 3
West African
Kingdoms seemed to
continually shift
Eastward.

❖

The trans-Saharan
routes were
constantly shifting
towards the east so
they did as well.

❖

The Songhai
Kingdom will end
when the routes
shifted out of their
region of control

EAST AFRICAN
TRADING
KINGDOMS/CITIES
❏

Found along the
Nile River

❏

Used the Red Sea
to access Indian
Ocean Maritime
Routes

❏

Largest kingdom
was Axum
(Aksum)

East African Trading Kingdoms

1. Axum was an East

African trading kingdom.

2. Considered the ancient

homeland of Ethiopia.

3.

Formerly part of the Nubian Empire which
traded with Egypt

East African Trading Kingdoms

❏ Axum traders, located on the Red Sea, made their way across the Indian Ocean to trade

❏ Axum kings will

eventually adopt
Christianity.

Multiple Choice

Which African kingdom adopted Christianity?

• Ghana
• Zimbabwe
• Axum
• Songhai

Multiple Choice

a huge web of trade routes that connected Southeast Asia,

India, Arabia, & East Africa across the Indian Ocean.

• Silk Road

• Indian Ocean Trade

• Trans-Saharan Trade

• Pacific Trade

Multiple Choice

Many modern day Ethiopians practice this religion because it was widely practiced by the Kingdom of Axum - 

• Islam
• Christianity
• Judaism
• Hinduism

Multiple Choice

The Kingdom of Axum was located in the Ethiopian _____________ and benefited from the ___________ river

• Lowlands, Zambezi
• Badlands, Niger
• Mountains, Congo
• Highlands, Nile

​Great Zimbabwe

• ​City-State in southeastern part of modern Zimbabwe

• ​Mystery - not much is known about it.

  • ​Ruins suggest large palace and powerful city-state

• ​Traded with Swahili Coast

• ​Declined around 1450

Multiple Choice

Which is true about Great Zimbabwe

• mysterious city-state

• Founded by Mansa Musa

• located on the Swahili coast

• Significant written accounts of its history

Multiple Choice

Where is Great Zimbabwe located?

• Egypt

• Central Africa

• Southern Africa

Multiple Choice

The name "Zimbabwe" comes from a Shona word that means "Big House of __."

• Gold

• Silver

• Stone

Multiple Select

Name the 2 rivers that added to Zimbabwe's agricultural success?

• Congo

• Limpopo

• Nile

• Zambezi

Maya, Aztec, Inca

SOL 11a/b

Last Ice Age = Land Bridge - Bering Land Bridge

The Olmec

❏ Olmec = “Rubber People”
❏ “Mother” of Mesoamerican Civilization

The Olmec

Religion

1. Polytheistic
2. Built Temples/Pyramids
3. Went on Pilgrimages
4. Played Pok-a-Tok

a. Losing team sacrificed to the gods

The Olmec

Achievements

1. Calendar
2. Colossal Heads

Multiple Choice

Looking at the map, the Olmec civilization was located on land between which 2 future empires?

• Aztec and Inca

• Maya and Toltec

• Aztec and Toltec

• Aztec and Maya

Multiple Choice

Mesoamerica refers to ....

• North America

• to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America.

• to a land in Canada that was inhabited by North American Indians.

Multiple Choice

Olmecs played a game called

• pok-a-tok

• soccer

• ring of fire

• tag

Multiple Choice

Which object is representative of Olmec civilization?

• Pyramids

• Colossal Heads

• Observatories

• Deep, man-made cenotes

Characteristics of a Civilization

1.

Create a Calendar

2.

Record-Keeping (writing
system or a number
system?)

3.

Complex Social
Institutions

4.

Specialization of Labor

5.

Advanced Cities

The Maya (200-900 CE)

Location
(Present-day Countries)

❏

Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico

❏

Rainforests of Mexico,
Guatemala, Honduras, & Belize

Important Cities

❏ Chichén Itzá & Tikál

The Maya

Government

❏

City-states ruled by Kings

❏

Rigid Social Class: Priests,
Nobles, Warriors at the top

Economy

❏

Agricultural based

❏

Slash and Burn Farming

❏

Corn (maize), beans, and squash

The Maya

Religion

❏

Polytheistic

❏

Created Step Pyramids

❏

Priests preoccupied
with Time

❏

Human Sacrifices &
Blood-letting

Step Pyramids - How do they compare?

Mesopotamian Ziggurat

c. 2500 BCE

Maya Temple c. 500 CE

The Maya

Record-Keeping

❏

Hieroglyphs

Other Advancements

❏

365-day calendar

❏

Astronomy

❏

Number System

❏

Slash and Burn Farming

The Maya

The End?

❏ Simply Abandoned their

Cities
❏ Frequent Warfare?
❏ Overpopulation?

Multiple Choice

Which of the locations on this map show where the Maya lived?

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Which of the following were ways the Mayans adapted to the environmental challenges of living in MesoAmerica?

• The built floating gardens called chimpanzees.

• They caught fish from the Gulf of California.

• The used raised bed and terrace farming as well as slash and burn agriculture.

• They got all of their food through trade.

Multiple Choice

Chopping down and burning the vegetation then burning it to clear and fertilize a field for planting is called:

• Axl & Slash Farming

• Slice & Dice Farming

• Singe & Burn Farming

• Slash & Burn Farming

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of Maya architecture ?

• shinto shrine
• step pyramid
• castle
• ziggurat

Multiple Choice

What mathematical achievements is associated with the Maya?

• geometry and the use of zero
• the concept of fractions and decimals
• Base 10 # system and the concept of algebra
• Base 20 # system and the concept of zero

Multiple Choice

While exploring an ancient Mayan ruin, you see the following symbols carved into a wall. What might they represent.

• Description of the weather for a particular day

• Tally of dried goods created in a particular year

• Sacred prayer to a Mayan god

• Names of all the people living in a particular town.

Multiple Choice

In which of the following territories was the Mayan civilization located?

• Guatemala, Honduras, Yucatan Peninsula

• Honduras, Panama and Guatemala

• Yucatan Peninsula, Panama and Guatemala

• Panama, Columbia and Yucatan Peninsula

Multiple Choice

The pictures and symbols used in Mayan writing are called

• glyphs

• letters

• numbers

• pictographs

Multiple Choice

What led to the demise of the Maya

• possible drought
• possible warfare

• possible overuse of the land
• possibly all of the above

Multiple Choice

The Mayan history book

• Codex
• Glyphs
• Maize
• Terraces

Multiple Choice

What was the main food item the Maya used?

• Maize

• Beans

• Tamales

• Meats

Multiple Choice

In which ecological zone did the Maya live?

• desert
• mountains
• rainforest
• savanna

The Aztec (1300-1521)

Location

❏

Arid Valley of Central Mexico

Important City

❏

Tenochtitlan

❏ Tenochtitlan

was their
main city

❏ Built on an

island in the
middle of
Lake
Texcoco

❏ Modern-day

Mexico City

The Aztec

Government

❏

Emperor

❏

Collected Tribute

❏

Built through Conquest

Economy

❏

Agricultural Based

❏

Chinampa Farming

❏

Chinampas were rafts on which they’d
place a layer of dirt.

❏

The rafts would be set out into the lake; roots would get water from the lake

❏

Enabled the Aztec to save space on the island by placing their corps on the lake

The Aztec

Religion

❏

Polytheistic
❏

Chief god = Sun God

❏

Priests
❏

Recorded knowledge

❏

Astronomers, Mathematicians

❏

Conducted Ceremonies daily

❏

Based on Warfare
❏

Human Sacrifices

❏

Built Pyramids

The Aztec

Record-Keeping

❏

Glyphs recorded in Codex (books)

Other Advancements

❏

Engineering
❏

Causeways

❏

Aqueducts

❏

Canals

❏

Dams

The Aztec

The End?

❏

Discontent with Emperor -
Montezuma (Moctezuma)

❏

Conquered by Spanish
❏

Hernán Cortés

❏

Result?
❏

Introduction of new
diseases

Multiple Choice

Tenochtitlan was the capital city of what Empire

• Maya Empire

• Inca Empire

• Mexican Empire

• Aztec Empire

Multiple Choice

What modern-day city is located on the site of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan?

• Guadalajara

• Monterrey

• Cancun

• Mexico City

Multiple Choice

Which city was the capital of the Aztec empire?

• Chichen Itza

• Tenochtitlan

• Cusco

Multiple Choice

The Aztecs believed in human sacrifice because:

• They were evil
• they believed it would please their gods
• they hated blood

Multiple Choice

Who was the Spanish explorer that arrived in 1519?

• Cortez
• Pizzaro
• Marc Anthony

Multiple Choice

The advantage of having their city built on a lake was: 

• protection from enemies
• a source of water for crops
• bathing and washing
• all of the above

The Inca (1200 - 1535)

Location

❏

Andes Mountains of South
America

❏

Parts of Peru, Chile, Colombia,
Ecuador, Bolivia, & Argentina

Important Cities

❏

Machu Picchu & Cuzco

Machu Picchu

The Inca
Government

❏

Emperor

❏

Direct Rule (Socialism?)
❏

Govt. arranged marriages

❏

Required passes for travel

❏

Controlled Harvest

❏

Conquered peoples forced to conform

Economics

❏

High-Altitude Farming
❏

Terrace Farming

Terrace Farming

The Inca

Religion

❏ Polytheistic
❏ Chief god - Sun

God

The Inca

Record-keeping

❏ Quipus

❏ Knotted

ropes/strings

Other Advancements

❏

Road System

❏

Terrace Farming

The Inca Road

System

The Inca

The End?

❏

Civil War between
ruling brothers

❏

Spanish Conquest
❏

Francisco Pizarro
defeats Incan
ruler Atahualpa

Multiple Choice

Whats the name of the stone city built high up in the Andes including religious temples, royal residences, and houses for workers?

• Andes

• Cusco

• Machu Picchu

• Nahuatl

Multiple Choice

Cutting flat steps or terraces into the side of a mountain to have more land to cultivate is known as

• tribute

• quechua

• terrace farming

• chinampas farming

Multiple Choice

Their bridges built of wood, stone, and thick rope, as well as their extensive network and roads, plus their entire cities built out of stone show us that the Inca were

• lazy

• gifted engineers and builders

• using a lot of help from the Maya

• skilled readers and writers

Multiple Choice

Francisco Pizarro

• was a conquistador from Spain. He invaded the Inca.

• Had only 180 men, but superior supplies compared to the Inca

• conquered the territory of the fallen Inca Empire

• all of the above

Labeling

Identify the following American civilizations

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Inca

Aztec

Maya