Past Perfect

Past Perfect
(Предпрошедшее завершенное время)

before (до того как);

never … before (никогда ... раньше);

after (после; после того как);

no sooner / hardly / when (едва я / едва / когда);

by that time (к тому времени);

by three o’clock (к трем часам);

by 9 p.m. (к девяти вечера).

​Слова маркеры

My friend had not eaten at that cafe before today (мой друг не ел в этом кафе до сегодняшнего дня).

By the time I arrived at the airport, my fiance had already gone (к тому моменту, когда я прибыла в аэропорт, моего жениха там уже не было).

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I washed the floor when the painter had gone (я помыл полы, когда маляр ушел);

After Sofie had finished her work, she went to lunch (после того как София закончила свою работу, она пошла на обед);

Harold had known about it for a while (Гарольд знал об этом уже какое-то время);

I didn’t say anything until she had finished talking (я ничего не говорил, пока она не закончила говорить).

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Example

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Had you cleaned up the mess by the time they came home? (ты прибрался к тому времени, как они пришли домой?);

Had Adam ever spoken to the CEO before he was fired? (Адам вообще говорил с генеральным директором до того, как его уволили?).

В случае вопроса, на который вам хочется получить развернутый ответ, а не только «да» или «нет», следуйте следующей формуле: Had they arrived in New York before it got dark? (они приехали в Нью-Йорк еще до темноты?);

Had you seen Helen playing squash with Nicole before the rain started? (ты видел как Хелен играла в сквош с Николь до того, как начался дождь?);

Had he made any mistakes before the teacher asked him to hand in the test? (делал ли он какие-либо ошибки до того, как учитель попросил его сдать тест?);

You looked pale. Had anybody scared you? (ты выглядел бледным. Кто-то тебя напугал?).

Wh-question + had + I / She / He / It / We / You / They + V3 ?

What had they said that made him so angry? (что они такого сказали, что он так разозлился?);

Multiple Choice

When I found my camera the butterfly already … (fly away)

• 1. When I found my camera the butterfly have already flown away.

• 1. When I found my camera the butterfly already flown away.

• 1. When I found my camera the butterfly had already fly away.

• 1. When I found my camera the butterfly had already flown away.

Multiple Choice

Jack … (finish) the test before the bell … (ring)

• had finished – rang

• finish – rang

• has finished – rang

• had finish – ring

Multiple Choice

1. When Brad and Susan … (get married), they … (know) each other for 3 years.

• get married – had known

• got married – had known

• got marry – had know

• get marrying – have knew

Multiple Choice

1. She … (not enjoy) the film because she … (read) the book before.

• didn’t enjoyed – had reading

• didn’t enjoy – had read

• hadn't enjoy – read

• hadn't enjoined – read