Forms and Function

Forms and Function

10th Grade Biology

Systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life

Structure and Function (LS1-A)

All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA molecules.
Genes are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells.

Structure and Function (LS1-A)

Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural organization, in which any one system is made up of numerous parts and is itself a component of the next level.

Structure and Function (LS1-A)

Feedback mechanisms maintain a living system’s internal conditions within certain limits and mediate behaviors, allowing it to remain alive and functional even as external conditions change within some range.

Feedback mechanisms can encourage (through positive feedback) or discourage (negative feedback) what is going on inside the living system.

Structure and Function (LS1-A)

Multiple Choice

Multicellular organisms differentiate their cells when the cells become ___

• specialized

• selected

• stem

• numberous

Reorder

Reorder the following cellular hierarchy

• Cells

• Tissues

• Organs

• Organ Systems

• Organism

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

True/False

All cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) have DNA

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Positive feedback amplifies, negative feedback reverses

An organism is cold and begins to shiver to warm itself up.

What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

Multiple Choice

Positive feedback amplifies, negative feedback reverses

An organism is in a brawl for a mate and is stabbed by the horns of another. Platelets begin the clotting procedure by calling more platelets to the assist.

What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

Multiple Choice

Positive feedback amplifies, negative feedback reverses

An organism is about to give birth. The more contractions she has, the more pushing her uterus does until the baby is born.

What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

Multiple Choice

Positive feedback amplifies, negative feedback reverses

An organism is overheating and begins to sweat.

What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

In multicellular organisms individual cells grow and then divide via a process called mitosis, thereby allowing the organism to grow.

IPMAT-C

The organism begins as a single cell (fertilized egg) that divides successively to produce many cells, with each parent cell passing identical genetic material (two variants of each chromosome pair) to both daughter cells.

Organism Growth

Cellular division and differentiation produce and maintain a complex organism, composed of systems of tissues and organs that work together to meet the needs of the whole organism.

Differentiation

Growth and Development (LS1-B)

Reorder

Reorder the following

Put the stage of mitosis in correct orde

• Interphase

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Reorder

Reorder the following

Put the stage of mitosis in order

• Interphase

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

The cells of organisms will undergo __ to divide and reproduce more

• halotosis

• mitosis

• meiosis

• adapations

The process of photosynthesis converts light energy to stored chemical energy by converting carbon dioxide plus water into sugars plus released oxygen

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms (LS1-C)

The sugar molecules thus formed contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen: their hydrocarbon backbones are used to make amino acids and other carbon-based molecules that can be assembled into larger molecules (such as proteins or DNA), used for example to form new cells.

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms (LS1-C)

As matter and energy flow through different organizational levels of living systems, chemical elements are recombined in different ways to form different products.

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms (LS1-C)

As a result of these chemical reactions, energy is transferred from one system of interacting molecules to another.

Cellular respiration is a chemical process in which the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and new compounds are formed that can transport energy to muscles.

Cellular respiration also releases the energy needed to maintain body temperature despite ongoing energy transfer to the surrounding environment.

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms (LS1-C)

Multiple Select

What are two ways of matter and energy to flow through organisms?

(2 answers)

• Sleeping

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

Multiple Choice

What uses the inputs water and carbon dioxide?

• Sleeping

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

Multiple Choice

What creates the outputs water and carbon dioxide?

• Sleeping

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

Multiple Choice

What uses the inputs glucose and oxygen?

• Sleeping

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

Multiple Choice

What creates the outputs glucose and oxygen?

• Sleeping

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

Multiple Choice

What is the building block of each molecule called?

• monomer

• polymer

• dinomer

• anomer

Multiple Choice

What does bonded monomers create?

• monomer

• polymer

• dinomer

• anomer

Categorize

Options (19)

Monosaccharide

Glucose

Polysaccharide

Function - generates and stores energy

Amino Acid

Protein

Function - to do work as a hormone, enzyme, or another trait

Fatty Acid

Phospholipid (P)

Lipids

Function - to store energy or provide storage for a protein

Nucleotide

DNA

RNA

Function - to carry genetic information

COH

COHN

COH (sometimes P)

COHNP

Organize these options into the right categories to classify the biological macromolecules.

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

True/False

We need biological macromolecules in food so we can regenerate the biomacromolecules in our body

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True/False

The biological macromolecules that we eat provide energy for our bodies, and when we are eaten, provide energy to the next organism that consumes us.

• True

• False