Phases and Phase Changes

Phases of Matter

Lesson on phases of matter, phase changes, and heating/cooling curves​ (phase change diagrams)

FYI - Phase and State may be used interchangeably when talking about matter

Multiple Choice

Anything that has mass and takes up space is called a(n)...

• Mass

• Matter

• Volume

• Atom

Multiple Choice

The smallest part of an element is called a(n)...

• Matter

• Weight

• Atom

• Mass

• has fixed volume and shape

  • rigid because particles locked in place

• not easily compressible

  • little free space between particles

• doesn't easily flow

  • particles locked together so do not flow, only vibrate

• only motion is vibrations

• low energy

​

Solid

• takes the shape of containers

  • particles move/slide past one another

• not easily compressible

  • little free space between particles

• flows easily

  • particles move/slide past one another

• particles vibrate and move around

  • higher energy than solids

​

Liquid

• takes the shape AND volume of containers

  • particles can move past one another

• compressible

  • lots of free space between particles

• flows easily

  • particles can move past one another

• particles can move freely

  • high energy

​

Gas

Plasma

Plasma is not a common state of matter here on Earth, but it may be the most common state of matter in the universe. Stars are essentially superheated balls of plasma. 

Plasma consists of highly charged gas particles with extremely high kinetic energy (energy in motion).

Think of plasma as gas, with an electrical charge.

Multiple Choice

Milk takes the shape of its container. What state is it?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Reorder

Put each state in order from particles closest together to particles farthest apart.

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

Which option best describes a solid?

• No definite shape or volume, lowest intermolecular forces

• Definite volume, takes container's shape, no definite shape

• Definite shape and volume, vibrates in place, highest intermolecular forces

• Highest Kinetic Energy

Multiple Choice

In which state of matter are the particles the moving the fastest?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

The state of matter where the particles are spread out as far as possible is

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

The state of matter where the particles are tightly packed is

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

The state of matter where the particles have no set volume and no set shape is

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

The state of matter where the particles have a set volume but no set shape is

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Match

Match the following phase changes

• Gas → Solid

• Liquid → Gas

• Solid → Liquid

• Gas → Liquid

• Liquid → Solid

Deposition

Vaporization

Melting

Condensation

Freezing

• Deposition

• Vaporization

• Melting

• Condensation

• Freezing

Match

Match the following phase changes

• steam → ice

• water → steam

• ice → water

• steam → water

• water → ice

Deposition

Vaporization

Melting

Condensation

Freezing

• Deposition

• Vaporization

• Melting

• Condensation

• Freezing

Match

Match the following phase changes

• solid → gas

• liquid → solid

• liquid → gas

• gas → liquid

• gas → solid

Sublimation

Freezing

Vaporization

Condensation

Deposition

• Sublimation

• Freezing

• Vaporization

• Condensation

• Deposition

Match

Match the following phase changes

• ice → steam

• water → ice

• water → steam

• steam → water

• steam → ice

Sublimation

Freezing

Vaporization

Condensation

Deposition

• Sublimation

• Freezing

• Vaporization

• Condensation

• Deposition

​Remember!

• During a phase change, the temperature does NOT change until every particle has switched phases.

• Energy is being removed or added, but temperature does not change.

• Temperature changing is demonstrated with the sloped lines.

• Phase changing is demonstrated with the flat lines.​

​It shows how state of matter changes with temperature.

The positive slope means thermal energy is being added.

​

​

​

​Heating

Curve

​It shows how state of matter changes with temperature.

The negative slope means thermal energy is being removed.

Flat lines indicate the temperature is NOT changing, but the matter is changing states.​

​

​

​Cooling

Curve

Labelling

Label the phase change diagram

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Melting

Gas

Liquid

Solid

Freezing

Evaporate

Condense

Dropdown

During melting, the temperature ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

During condensation, the heat energy ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

As the heat energy and temperature of a substance INCREASES, the particles of a substance ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

When a substance changes from a liquid to a solid, the temperature ​

Select answer

.