YEAR 9- PROTOCOLS

​Protocols

• These are agreed set of rules for communicating over a network.

• Imagine the internet as a big city. For computers/ devices to talk to each other, they need rules, just like people follow traffic rules.

​Protocols

• There are two main protocols you need to know about

  • TCP/IP Protocol

  • HTTP and HTTPS

​TCP/IP PROTOCOL

• This is a collection of rules that govern how computers can communicate with each other over a network.

• It's like a set of instructions that tells computers how to send messages to each other. TCP breaks big messages into smaller parts called packets. IP(internet protocol) adds addresses to these packets so they know where to go.

​PACKET CONTENTS

• Sender IP Address: The packet needs to include this so that devices on a network know where to forward the packets.

• Receiver IP Address: This needs to be included in case of a dropped packet, then the receiver can request for packet to be sent again.

• Packet Number: It tells the receiver the order of the packets so they can put them back together correctly. If a packet gets lost, the receiver can ask for it to be sent again, using the packet number.

HTTP AND HTTPS

Scenario:
Imagine you're ordering pizza. You call the pizza place and tell them what you want. They then make your pizza and deliver it to your door.

HTTP is like that phone call. It's a way for your computer (the customer) to talk to a website (the pizza place). The computer sends a message saying, "I want a pizza!" and the website sends back the pizza (the webpage).

HTTPS is like ordering pizza with extra security. It's a special way of talking that makes sure no one else can listen in on your conversation. This is important because you don't want anyone to know what you're ordering (or what you're doing online).

HTTP AND HTTPS

These are protocols that exist to allow web browsers to fetch documents from web servers.
Documents could be webpages, images, videos or text.
HTTPS is encrypted ,which can prevent unauthorized access if data is intercepted.