Biomolecules

Water: Supporter of Life

Also, water supports water
species. Its solid form can

float on its liquid form.

Carbon: Backbone of Life

The gasoline that
fuels a car consists of

hydrogen-carbon

molecules.Similarly the hydrogen-carbon tails of fats serve as stored fuel for animals

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements is a key component of all organic molecules?

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Carbon

• Potassium

Multiple Choice

Which type of bond is formed between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a water molecule?

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a simple sugar, also known as a monosaccharide?

• Glucose

• Sucrose

• Lactose

• Starch

Multiple Choice

Which carbohydrate serves as the primary energy storage molecule in animals?

• Starch

• Cellulose

• Chitin

• Glycogen

Multiple Choice

Which carbohydrate is a major component of plant cell walls and provides structural support?

• Starch

• Cellulose

• Chitin

• Glycogen

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?

• To provide long-term energy storage

• To act as hormones

• To provide immediate energy

• To store genetic information

Proteins: Polypeptide

In carbohydrates,

monomers are joined by
glycosidic bond to form

polysaccharide. In

proteins, monomers are
joined by peptide bond
to form polypeptide.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

• Catalyzing biochemical reactions

• Providing structural support

• Transporting molecules

• Storing genetic information

Multiple Choice

Which level of protein structure involves the folding of the polypeptide chain into alpha helices and beta sheets?

• Primary structure

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Quaternary structure

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the bond that links the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another?

• Peptide bond

• Hydrogen Bond

• Disulfide bond

• Ionic Bond

Multiple Choice

What kind of proteins are primarily involved in immune responses by recognizing and binding to specific antigens?

• Enzymes

• Hormones

• Transport proteins

• Antibodies

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of the “active site” of an enzyme?

• It is where the enzyme binds to other proteins

• It is the region where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction

• It is the part of the enzyme that binds to DNA

• It is where the enzyme is synthesized

Multiple Choice

Which lipid type is a major component of cell membranes and contains both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions?

• Triglycerides

• Phospholipids

• Steroids

• Waxes

Multiple Choice

Which type of lipid is commonly found in plant cuticles and serves as a protective barrier?

• Triglycerides

• Phospholipids

• Steroids

• Waxes

Multiple Choice

Which lipid has a structure characterized by a ring of carbon atoms?

• Triglycerides

• Phospholipids

• Steroids

• Waxes

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids?

• The length of the carbon chain

• The presence of double bonds in the carbon chain

• The type of glycerol backbone

• The type of fatty acid side chains

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of triglycerides in the body?

• To serve as hormones

• To act as structural components of cell membranes

• To provide long-term energy storage

• To facilitate cell signaling

Multiple Choice

Which nucleic acid is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information?

• DNA

• RNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

• Monosaccharides

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

• A nitrogenous base

• A phosphate group

• A sugar molecule

• An amino acid

Multiple Choice

In DNA, which bases are complementary to each other?

• Adenine with Cytosine, and Guanine with Thymine

• Adenine with Thymine, and Guanine with Cytosine

• Adenine with Guanine, and Thymine with Cytosine

• Thymine with Cytosine, and Adenine with Guanine

Multiple Choice

In RNA, which base pairs with Adenine?

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Living organisms are composed of four types of biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

• Polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are polymers constructed when their particular type of monomer forms long chains.

• Lipids are varied and do not have a particular monomer.

In Summary