Force and Motion FRI. 09/06

4th Grade Science
Force/Fuerza and/y
Motion/Movimiento

Lesson 2

September 6, 2024

Do Now

What is the purpose of a descriptive investigation about friction?

A) To test if magnets can attract metal objects

B) To explore and describe how different
surfaces affect friction

C) To find out how fast a toy car can go

D) To see which color surface looks best

Which materials would be most helpful for
investigating friction?

A) A flashlight, batteries, and a mirror

B) A thermometer, a beaker, and water

C) A toy car, a wooden ramp, and different
surface materials (like sandpaper, carpet, and
tile)

D) A paintbrush, paint, and a canvas

14

Force and Motion

LO: SWBAT conduct a descriptive investigation to
explore the patterns of friction.
🎯

DOL: Given scenarios, SW correctly describe patterns of friction in at least 4 of 5 questions.

SCI.4.7A Plan and conduct descriptive investigations to explore the patterns of forces such as gravity, friction, or magnetism in contact
or at a distance on an object.
SEPs 4.1B, 4.2B
RTCs 4.5A

15

Essential Understandings &

Guiding Questions

What causes a moving object to slow down and stop?

What are contact forces?

What patterns of friction act on moving objects?

16

Lesson Vocabulary

force

friction

contact force

motion

Multiple Choice

What is a PUSH or PULL of an object?

• Motion
• Force
• Friction
• Gravity

17

How can forces slow down a bike?

Multiple Choice

On which surface will a toy car travel the furthest?

• Carpet
• Polished Wood
• Ice

19

How does friction affect the distance a model

car will travel?

Describe how different surfaces
will affect how far a model car
travels.

Follow the steps to investigate
how far the model car travels
over different materials.

Record your measurements in
the table.

Analyze the data you collected
and summarize your findings.

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What is a contact force?

A contact force is a force that pushes or pulls an object by
touching the object. An interaction is the effect that one object
has on another object.

push

pull

Photo credit: New Africa/Shutterstock

Multiple Select

A push or pull on an object, causing it to move, stop, or change direction.

• motion

• gravity

• force

• inertia

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Contact Forces
DescribeIdentify the
contact forces you observe.

The boy pulls himself up
with his hands and arms.

The boy pushes against
the support with his feet.

Photo credit: Jacek Chabraszewski/Shutterstock

Multiple Select

Changing the location of an object from one place to another.

• acceleration

• motion

• force

• push

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How are contact forces and motion related?

Contact forces impact motion. Motion is a change in position.
Forces can start an object in motion, stop an object that is moving,
and change the direction of motion.

Photo credit: Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock, Andraž Cerar/Shutterstock

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Contact Forces and Motion

Match the force with its effect.

Force

throw a baseball

catch a baseball

hit a baseball

Effect

change direction

stop motion

start into motion

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Contact Forces and MotionAnswers
Match the force with its effect.

Force

throw a baseball

catch a baseball

hit a baseball

Effect

change direction

stop motion

start into motion

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What is friction?

Friction is a contact force that pushes against objects in motion.
You can plan and conduct a descriptive investigation to explore
the patterns of friction by rolling a ball on different surfaces.

Photo credit: Phovoir/Shutterstock, stevecoleimages/E+/Getty Images

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Friction

Identify the higher friction activity between biking on dirt and
biking on a sidewalk. Compare the effects of friction when biking
on each surface.

The dirt path is rough and results in more friction against
the tires. This slows the bike down more than when riding
on a sidewalk.

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How can we model friction?
Motion is modeled with an arrow in the direction an object is
moving. Friction is modeled with an arrow in the direction opposite
to the motion of an object.

Photo credit: Mino Surkala/Shutterstock

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Model Friction

The arrows identify the direction of motion for the tub of books.
Describe the direction of friction based on these arrows.

The force of friction acts in the opposite direction of motion. The arrow for
friction in the first image is to the left and the second friction arrow would be
to the right.

32

Force

A push or pull, which
may cause a change
in an object’s motion

Image by skeeze from Pixabay

33

Friction

A force that resists
(slows down or
stops) the motion of
two surfaces sliding
across one another

34

Contact force

A force that pushes
or pulls an object by
touching the object

35

Motion

A change in position

36

Friction

In this game, people roll balls in the boxed areas. Circle the surface that
would make the least friction for balls in the game. Explain your reasoning.

37

Patterns of Friction

Add an arrow to the force diagram to show how friction acts on the
moving box.
Write a sentence to explain the pattern of how friction acts on a moving
object.

38

DOL: Given
scenarios, SW
correctly describe
patterns of
friction in at least
4 of 5 questions.

Demonstration of Learning

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from Adobe Stock. Adobe Stock
https://stock.adobe.com

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from Great Minds. Great Minds
https://digital.greatminds.org

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from SAVVAS realize. SAVVAS
realize https://www.savvasrealize.com

39

Copyright for Reference