Chapter 2 Notes - Chemistry of Life

Multiple Choice

The attractive force that holds two atoms of a compound together.

• Chemical Bonds

• Magnetism

• Gravity

• Weak Force

Multiple Choice

A substance that cannot be further broken down into other substances

• Element

• Compound

• Molecule

• Plasma

Multiple Choice

What bond results from two atoms gaining/losing electrons?

• Ionic Bond

• Covalent Bond

• Hydrogen Bond

• Van der Waals Interactions

Multiple Choice

The bond that results from the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms.

• Hydrogen Bonds

• Ionic Bond

• Van der Waals Interactions

• Covalent Bond

Multiple Choice

What is the strongest chemical bond?

• Van der Waals Interactions

• Covalent Bond

• Ionic Bond

• Hydrogen Bond

Multiple Choice

Which of these is an example of an inorganic compound?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Water

• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

A substance that minimizes changes in the concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution.

• Inorganic Compounds

• Buffers

• Organic Compounds

• Bases

Multiple Choice

A measure of the relative concentrations of H+ and OH- ions. It determines the acidity and alkalinity of substances.

• Bases

• pH scale

• Acids

• Buffers

Multiple Choice

A compound that dissociates in water into hydrogen ions and negatively charged ions.

• Base

• Acid

• Buffer

• Organic Compounds

Multiple Choice

An example of a polysaccharide is:

• starch

• meat

• fruit

• protein

Multiple Choice

Chemically, lactose is a:

• monosaccharide

• disaccharide

• dextrose

• polysaccharide

Multiple Choice

What is the polysaccharide used by animals to store glucose?

• glycogen

• fructose

• starch

• cellulose

Multiple Choice

Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.

• liquid

• solid

Multiple Choice

The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----

• made of lots of double bonds
• acidic when mixed with water
• no high energy content
• do not dissolve in water

Multiple Choice

The phospholipid bilayer comprises what part of the cell?

• cytoplasm
• cell membrane
• cytoskeleton
• nuclear membrane

Multiple Choice

Which is not one of the three classes of lipids?

• Phospholipids

• Sterols

• Amino Acids

• Triglycerides

Multiple Choice

A ______________ is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and 2 fatty acid chain tails. 

• phospholipid 
• Carbohydrate
• Cholesterol 
• Protein 

Multiple Choice

"Water Loving"

• Hydrophobic
• Hydrophilic 
• Hydroelectric 
• Hydroloric

Multiple Choice

"Water Fearing" 

• Hydrophobic
• Hydrophilic 
• Hydroelectric 
• Hydroloric

Multiple Choice

• protein

• nucleic acid

• lipid (steroid)

• carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a lipid?

• Cellulose

• rRNA

• Enzyme

• Steroid

Multiple Choice

Not all amino acids have to be supplied by food. This is true because:

• not all necessary amino acids are found in food.

• hormones furnish the missing amino acids

• the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from others

• the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from fatty acids

Multiple Choice

All of the follow are roles of proteins in the body, EXCEPT:

• Fluid Balance Regulators

• Enzymes

• Hormones

• Building blocks for body structures

• Primary cell membrane component

Multiple Choice

When proteins are exposed to heat, acid, base, or mechanical disruption and lose their shape

• Acidification

• Denaturation

• Transamination

• Disruption

Multiple Choice

Amino acids linked together in a linear chain is what level of structure?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

• Quaternary

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of a protein?

• Amino acid

• Phospholipid

• Nucleotide

• Simple sugars

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

• Amino acids

• Phosphate groups

• Ribose or deoxyribose sugars

• Nitrogenous bases

• Nucleotides

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of a nucleotide? Select all that apply!

• A pentose sugar

• A phosphate group

• A nitrogenous base

• A carboxyl group

• A ribose sugar

Multiple Choice

Which of the following nitrogenous bases are NOT found in RNA?

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Cytosine

Multiple Choice

RNA is usually

• Single stranded

• Double stranded

• Triple stranded

• All of these

Multiple Choice

Aside from DNA being double-stranded and RNA being single-stranded, which of these is another difference between DNA and RNA?

• For Phosphate, DNA has PO4 while RNA has PO3

• For sugar, DNA has deoxyribose while RNA has ribose

• DNA is a nucleic acid while RNA is a protein

• DNA's building blocks are nucleotides while RNA's are amino acids.

Multiple Choice

Which of these biomolecules are ideal for long-term energy storage?

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

These are substances needed by living organisms in small amounts.

• Heavy Metals

• Noble Gases

• Major Elements

• Trace Elements

Multiple Choice

Which of these biomolecules are composed of amino acids?

• Nucleic acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

In which of the four biomolecules does DNA and RNA belong to?

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

The most abundant out of the four major classes of biomolecules.

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids