DT materials - Paper and board

Paper and Board

Paper is made from small fibres that are interlocked together into a web like material.

The fibres are cellulose which is extracted from wood.

Cellulose can also be found in hemp and flax.

Recycled fibres are often mixed with new or “virgin” materials.

How it is made

Trees cut &
shredded

Water added

Boiled up to make wood
pulp

Chemicals and dyes
added

Pulp poured over fine mesh and
squeezed between rollers

Papermaking has been around for 2,000 years although it is now highly
automated

Reorder

Reorder the following paper making process

• Trees cut and shredded.

• Water added

• Boiled up to make wood pulp.

• Chemicals and dyes added

• Pulp poured over a fine mesh and squeezed between rollers.

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Different Types

Additives and dyes are added to the pulp to change the colour and to produce different properties, textures and surface finishes.


Products such as Kaolin are used to make paper look glossy, such as with magazines.


Most materials are available in stock forms. This gives consistent sizes and makes it cheaper to buy.


It also means machines are easier to set up.


Paper is also specified in weight, for example 100 grams per metre squared (gsm).
Anything over 200 gsm is considered as board!

Different Paper Types

Layout and tracing paper
Used by designers
Translucent versions are known as tracing paper

Cartridge paper
Tough and lightly textured
100 -135 gsm
Good for sketching and water colours

Cardboard
Heavier paper from 200 gsm upwards
Can be laminated to create thicker boards

Solid white board
Made from pure bleached wood pulp
Strong and high in quality
Used for book covers and expensive packaging

Different Paper Types

Foil lined board
This is made by laminating aluminium foil to one side of any kind of board.
it is strong and water repellent - ideal for food packaging

Corrugated cardboard
Made from liner board (the flat sheet)
And the ‘medium’ (the middle-corrugated sheet)

Cheap and used for large cartons and boxes
Offers strength while minimising weight.

Multiple Choice

An A4 sheet is larger than an AO sheet

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A pizza box is made from corrugated cardboard, this is good because...(two reasons)

• It protects the pizza and insulates it.

• It protects the pizza from damage if dropped on the floor

• They can be easily stacked and fit the pizza inside of them

• the shape is simple and protects it

Multiple Choice

Why does some packaging have foil inside?

• adds a nice shine so you can see whats inside the package

• to look aesthetically pleasing

• to keep the food or contents fresh and to stop them melting or going off.

• it looks good.

Multiple Choice

GSM stands for

• grams per square meter and is used to measure the weight of paper

• grams per square and is used to measure the weight of paper

• grams and softness and is used to measure the weight of paper

• granules and softness and is used to measure the weight of paper

Match

Match the following names to the pictures:

Solid White Board

Sugar Paper

Tracing Paper

Corrugated Card

Cartridge Paper

• Solid White Board

• Sugar Paper

• Tracing Paper

• Corrugated Card

• Cartridge Paper

Die Cutting Process

• In the packaging industry these are called cutting forms

• Usually, the blade is fitted into a flat plywood sheet

• For very large-scale production these blades can be made to fit a roller

CNC Cutting and Creasing

• Used for sampling and very small batches
• Around 2,000 packages could be made
• Slow but saves making cutting formers and setting up automated folding and gluing.
• Layers of paper or board can be cut at once using a blade.

Multiple Choice

What is the process of cutting into shapes?

• Binding

• Scoring

• Die Cutting

• Trimming

Multiple Choice

What is the process of making holes in paper to make easy folding?

• Cutting

• Scoring

• Perforating

• Embossing

Multiple Choice

Look closely- top image- what is it?

• A net

• A die ready to be used for cutting nets

Multiple Choice

What is this machine called?

• Laser cutter

• CNC router

• Milling Machine

Multiple Choice

Choose the most appropriate method for:

cutting a net for packaging with score lines for folding

• a laser cutter

• a 3D printer

• a vinyl cutter

• Computer Integrated Manufacture

• a CNC router