CPC Present 3.1 Early Atomic Theory

Multiple Choice

What must a theory be able to do to be considered successful?

• Inspire experimentation and data collection

• Be written by scientists

• Make predictions that are true

• Remain unchanged

Multiple Choice

What did many philosophers speculate matter was composed of?

• Earth, water, air, and fire

• Atoms, molecules, compounds and mixtures

• mostly cheese

• Metal, wood, wind and blood

Multiple Choice

What was a common belief about matter in ancient times?

• It could be endlessly divided into smaller pieces

• It was made of atoms

• It could be endlessly combined into larger pieces

• It was composed of only one element

Multiple Choice

What did Democritus believe matter was made up of?

• Elements

• Atoms

• Molecules

• Compounds

Multiple Choice

What did Aristotle not believe could exist?

• Atoms

• Empty space

• Elements

• Molecules

Multiple Choice

How long did Aristotle's views go unchallenged?

• 1,000 years

• 500 years

• 2,000 years

• 3,000 years

Multiple Choice

What was John Dalton's revival if Democritus's atomic ideas based on?

• Dalton came from a long line of Aristotle haters

• scientific research

• his own ideas

• observations with the newly invented microscope

Multiple Choice

According to Dalton's Atomic Theory, what are atoms described as?

• Large and visible

• Divisible and destructible

• Small and indestructible

• Identical in all elements

Multiple Choice

What does Dalton's Atomic Theory state about atoms of a given element?

• They are different in size and mass

• They are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties

• They are always different from each other

• They can change into atoms of another element

Multiple Choice

How do different atoms combine according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?

• In random ratios

• In simple whole-number ratios

• In complex fractions

• In equal numbers

Multiple Choice

What does the law of conservation of mass state?

• Mass is created in any process.

• Mass is destroyed in any process.

• Mass is conserved in any process.

• Mass is irrelevant in any process.

Multiple Choice

What is the result of the rearrangement of atoms during a chemical reaction?

• Creation of new atoms

• Conservation of mass

• Destruction of atoms

• Increase in mass

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was Democritus the first to propose? 

• modern atomic theory

• empty space cannot exist

• matter is not infinitely divisible

• matter is made of earth, fire and water

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not an idea supported by Dalton’s atomic theory?

• Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.

• Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties. 

• Empty space cannot exist. 

• Different atoms combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds. 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not true of the law of conservation of mass? 

• Mass is conserved in any process.  

• The total number of atoms of each element is the same before and after the reaction. 

• New atoms are created in a chemical reaction.

• It led to acceptance of Dalton’s atomic theory.  

Multiple Choice

Which is not true of philosophers thousands of years ago?

• They had few tools for scientific exploration.

• They formulated explanations based on their own life experiences.

• Many concluded that matter was made of earth, water, air, and fire.

• They tested the validity of their ideas with the scientific method. 

Multiple Choice

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element?

• Molecule

• Atom

• Cell

• Electron

Multiple Choice

What would be the size of an orange if an atom were increased to the size of an orange?

• As big as a basketball

• As big as a car

• As big as Earth

• As big as a house

Multiple Choice

What are the particles carrying a negative charge in a cathode ray called?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Positrons

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the vacuum pump in a cathode-ray tube?

• To supply voltage

• To remove air

• To generate electrons

• To produce light

Multiple Choice

What did the results of the cathode-ray experiments show about the mass of the charged particle?

• It was much less than that of a hydrogen atom

• It was equal to that of a hydrogen atom

• It was greater than that of a hydrogen atom

• It was the same as that of a helium atom

Multiple Choice

What did the cathode-ray experiments reveal about Dalton's atomic theory?

• Atoms were divisible into smaller subatomic particles

• Atoms were indivisible

• Atoms were made of light

• Atoms were composed of only electrons

Multiple Choice

What apparatus was used to determine the charge of an electron?

• A spectrometer

• A voltmeter

• An oil-drop apparatus

• A galvanometer

Multiple Choice

According to the Plum Pudding Model, where do the electrons reside?

• In the nucleus

• On the surface

• Within the positive charge

• Outside the atom

Multiple Choice

What material did Rutherford use to aim the alpha particles at?

• Silver foil

• Copper foil

• Gold foil

• Aluminum foil

Multiple Choice

What did Rutherford expect about the paths of the alpha particles?

• They would be completely absorbed by the positive "plum pudding"

• They would be deflected at large angles

• They would be slightly altered by a collision with an electron

• They would pass through without any deflection

Multiple Choice

Why was the plum pudding model considered incorrect according to Rutherford?

• It explained the gold foil experiment results

• It could not explain the gold foil experiment results

• It was too complex

• It was too simple

Multiple Choice

What happened to a few of the alpha particles when they hit the gold foil?

• They stopped

• They bounced back at large angles

• They disintegrated

• They changed color

Multiple Choice

In Rutherford’s nuclear model, what is the charge of the nucleus?

• Neutral

• Positively charged

• Negatively charged

• No charge

Multiple Choice

According to Rutherford’s model, what surrounds the nucleus?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Photons

Multiple Choice

What is a main feature of Rutherford’s nuclear model?

• Electrons are stationary

• Nucleus is negatively charged

• Atom is mostly empty space

• Nucleus is surrounded by protons

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a mass nearly equal to that of a proton but carries no electric charge?

• Electron

• Neutron

• Proton

• Positron

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of an electron compared to a proton?

• Equal and opposite

• Equal and same

• Double and opposite

• Double and same

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle is found in the nucleus and carries a positive charge?

• Neutron

• Electron

• Proton

• Positron

Multiple Choice

What is the smallest particle of matter that retains the properties of the element called?

• atom

• neutron

• electron

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

What tool was used to determine the charge of an electron?

• oil-drop apparatus

• gold foil

• plum pudding

• cathode ray tube

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is incorrect? 

• Atoms are divisible into smaller subatomic particles.

• Almost all of an atom’s mass is contained in a tiny, dense region in the center of the atom. 

• Rutherford concluded that the plum pudding model was correct.  

• Rutherford concluded that the nucleus contains positively charged particles called protons. 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is correct about the atom?

• Its dense nucleus is negatively charged. 

• Its nucleus is composed of neutrons and electrons. 

• It is made up of two subatomic particles.

• It is spherical.