2.2.4 Patterns

Patterns

2.2.4

Draw

Before we start class, feel free to take some time to color in the chameleon!

Objectives

Learners can:

• describe population patterns that occur annually

• describe population patterns that occur daily

• evaluate how changes in the environment impact behavior patterns

• population

• trend

​Prerequisite Vocab

• diurnal

• hibernate

• migrate

• nocturnal

New Vocab

Vocabulary

organisms that are active during the daytime

Diurnal

enter a state of inactivity

Hibernate

move from one place to a different place, typically over long distances

Migrate

organisms that are active during the nighttime

Nocturnal

Migrating is the movement from one place to a different place, typically over long distances. Migration behavior is usually the result of changes in the environment—for example, cooler temperatures or the availability of food.

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Migration

Open Ended

What animals that you know of migrate?

They can be found across most of North America, as well as South America and even parts of Europe. One unique thing about this species of butterfly is its annual migration south in the fall as it heads toward southern California and Mexico.

They can travel in groups of up to thousands and often travel as far as 2,500 miles. The journey takes so long that the migration takes between three and five generations of butterflies, with each generation moving closer to the final destination.

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Monarch Butterflies

Humpback whales migrate from breeding grounds near the equator to feeding grounds near the poles.

Humpback Whale

Every seven years, salmon migrate from the ocean to freshwater rivers to lay eggs and reproduce.

​​Salmon

Sea turtles are charismatic ocean wanderers that make incredible open sea migrations to feed, mature, and lay eggs.

​​Sea Turtles

Multiple Select

Which of the following conditions would most likely trigger migration behavior?

• temperatures becoming colder

• food supply diminishing

• predator population increasing

• ideal climate conditions

When an organism hibernates, it maintains a state of inactivity. An animal will rely on stored fat to survive during the time of inactivity. Hibernation allows organisms to survive cold weather conditions when they may not usually be able to find necessary resources such as food.

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Hibernation

During true hibernation, it is difficult for an animal to wake up. To survive during this time, animals will build up a lot of fat.

Hibernation

Torpor is a type of deep sleep that many bears experience during winter. During this sleep, body processes do not slow down very much. Their temperature also remains about the same as usual.

Torpor

Multiple Choice

What advantage does hibernation provide for the species that follow this pattern?

• Hibernation allows the animal to survive during times of limited food supply.

• Hibernation prepares animals to be active during the night when temperatures are cooler.

• Hibernation allows animals to rest before they go hunting and foraging for food.

• Hibernation allows animals to easily watch for predators and react quickly to threats.

Open Ended

What animals that you know of are nocturnal?

​Diurnal animals and plants are those that are active during the daytime. Many birds, mammals, and reptiles are considered diurnal. Plants that bloom during the day are deemed diurnal, such as a sunflower.

Dirunal

Nocturnal plants and animals are active during the nighttime. Nocturnal organisms often have specialized senses to survive during times with little light. Nocturnal plants will usually bloom in the evenings to be pollinated by nocturnal animals such as fruit bats.

​​Nocturnal

Categorize

Options (4)

The large Japanese field mouse is active during the night when most predatory birds sleep.

Chimpanzees rely on sunlight to gather food and interact with other chimpanzees.

Lions often hunt in the early morning or late afternoon when it is cooler.

Raccoons often forage for food in urban areas when there are less people out to avoid being seen

Match the daily pattern type with the description of the animal that exhibits that pattern.

Diurnal

Nocturnal

Multiple Choice

Which of the following inputs is the primary factor that controls circadian rhythms?

• hunger

• light

• temperature

• hormones

Categorize

Options (4)

hibernation

migration

diurnal

nocturnal

Drag the following terms based on whether they represent an organism's patterns that occur daily or yearly.

Yearly

Daily