Ch. 6 Cardiovascular System PPT GW

Presentations for PowerPoint

Introduction to
Medical
Terminology

Chapter 6

The Cardiovascular
System

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Learning Outcomes

• After studying this chapter, you will be able to

• Identify and define medical terms associated with the major structures

and functions of the cardiovascular system;

• Recognize, define, spell, and pronounce terms related to the

pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular system
diseases and conditions; and

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Combining Forms (1 of 4)

Combining

Form

Meaning

Combining

Form

Meaning

angi/o

vessel (blood) ather/o

plaque; fatty
buildup

aort/o

aorta; largest
artery

bol/o

cast; throw

arteri/o

artery

cardi/o

heart

arteriol/o

arteriole
(small artery)

coagul/o

coagulation;
clotting

atri/o

atria; atrium

constrict/o

narrowing

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Combining Forms (2 of 4)

Combining

Form

Meaning

Combining

Form

Meaning

coron/o

heart

erythr/o

red

cyan/o

blue

hem/a, hem/o,
hemat/o

blood

cyt/o

cell

leuk/o

white

dilat/o

to enlarge or
expand

lymph/o,
lymphat/o

lymph

electr/o

electricity

lumin/o

light

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Combining Forms (3 of 4)

Combining

Form

Meaning

Combining

Form

Meaning

my/o

muscle

son/o

sound

phleb/o

vein

sphygm/o

pulse

pulmon/o

lung

steth/o

chest

rhythm/o

rhythm;
heartbeat

systol/o

contraction

sept/o

wall; partition

tens/o

stretched;
strained

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Combining Forms (4 of 4)

Combining

Form

Meaning

Combining

Form

Meaning

thromb/o

clot

veni/i, ven/o

vein

tom/o

to cut

ventricul/o

ventricle

vas/o

vessel; duct

venul/o

venule (small
vein)

vascul/o

blood vessel

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Prefixes (1 of 2)

Prefix

Meaning

Prefix

Meaning

a-, an-

not; without

em-

in

anti-

against

endo-

in; within

brady-

slow

epi-

on; over; upon

dia-

through;
complete

hyper-

above; above
normal;
excessive

echo-

reflected
sound

hypo-

below; below
normal;
deficient

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Prefixes (2 of 2)

Prefix

Meaning

Prefix

Meaning

mega-

large

poly-

many; much

per-

through

tachy-

fast

peri-

around;
surrounding

trans-

across

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Suffixes (1 of 5)

Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-ac, -al, -ar,
-ary, -ic, -ous

pertaining to

-e

(noun suffix
with no
meaning)

-ant

substance
that promotes

-ectomy

surgical
removal;
excision

-ation

process;
condition

-emia

blood
condition

-crit

to separate

-emic

pertaining to
blood
condition

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Suffixes (2 of 5)

Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-gram

record; image

-in, -ine

chemical
compound;
substance

-graph

instrument for
recording

-ism

process;
condition

-graphy

process of
recording

-itis

inflammation

-ia

condition

-ive

substance
that promotes

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Suffixes (3 of 5)

Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-lytic

pertaining to
breakdown or
destruction

-or

one who (or
something
that) takes
action or does
something

-megaly

enlargement

-osis

process;
abnormal
condition

-meter

measure

-pathy

disease

-oma

tumor; mass

-penia

deficiency

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Suffixes (4 of 5)

Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-plasty

surgical repair -stenosis

narrowing;
tightening

-pheresis

removal

-stomy

surgical
opening

-rrhexis

rupture

-tension

pressure

-schlerosis

hardening;
thickening

-tomy

process of
cutting;
incision

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Suffixes (5 of 5)

Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-trophy

condition of
growth or
development

-version

to turn

-um, -us

structure;
tissue; thing

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Your Turn: Word Parts

What are the meanings of the following word parts?
•coagul/o

coagulation

•coron/o

heart

•dia-

through; complete

•peri-

around; surrounding

• -meter

measure

• -stomy

surgical opening

• -tomy

incision

• -trophy

condition of growth

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Anatomy and Physiology

•The cardiovascular system

circulates blood throughout
your body.

•Blood transports oxygen and

carbon dioxide throughout the
body’s tissues.

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Functions of the Blood

•Carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

•Removes carbon dioxide and waste from body tissues

•Defends the body against infection

•Clots in the case of injury

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Structures of the Blood

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Functions of the Cardiovascular System

•Circulate oxygen throughout the body

•Defend against infection

•Protect the body during injury

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Organs and Structures of the
Cardiovascular System

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The Heart (1 of 2)

•Layers

•Epicardium—innermost layer of pericardium

•Myocardium—middle layer

•Endocardium—lines chambers and covers valves

•Chambers

•Atria—receive blood from veins

•Ventricles—pump blood to lungs and rest of body

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The Heart (2 of 2)

•Atrioventricular (AV) valves

•Tricuspid

•Bicuspid (mitral)

•Semilunar valves

•Pulmonary

•Aortic

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Remember This: Heart

•Identify each layer of the heart, including the pericardium.

Endocardium

Pericardium

Epicardium

Myocardium

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Diseases and Conditions (1 of 8)

•Anemia

an / emia
•Aplastic anemia

a / plastic

•Hemolytic anemia

hemo / lytic

•Iron-deficient anemia

•Pernicious anemia

•Sickle-cell anemia

•Thalassemia (Cooley’s anemia)

Sickle-cell anemia

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