Elements and Principles PPT

THE ELEMENTS OF ART AND

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

ELEMENTS OF ART

• The building blocks of making art or designs

• The elements of art are:

• Line
• Shape
• Color
• Value
• Texture
• Space
• Form

LINE

• A path made by a moving point through

space.

• One-dimensional

• Varies in width, direction, and length

• Can be:

• Fat
• Thin
• Wavy
• Jagged

• Creates emphasis, organizes content, and

guides the viewers eye

SHAPE

• Flat, enclosed areas that are two-dimensional
• Has clear boundaries
• Two different categories

• Geometric

• Square, circle, oval, triangle

• Organic

• All other shapes

COLOR

• Perceived by the way light reflects

off a surface.

• Three properties of color:

• Hue-color name
• Intensity- strength/purity
• Value-lightness and darkness

• Relates to tint, tone, and shade

VALUE

• Describes the lightness or darkness of a surface.

• It is the contrast between black and white and all the tones in between.

• Can be used with color as well as black and white.

TEXTURE

• Describes the surface quality of an object.
• The feel, appearance, thickness, or stickiness of a surface

• Examples: Smooth, rough, silky, furry, hard, soft, etc.)

• Artists use both actual texture and implied texture.
• Actual texture is how things feel.

• Implied texture is how things look like they feel.

SPACE

• Used to create the illusion of depth within an artwork.

• Can also refer to the positive and negative space between, around, or

within objects.

• Relates to perspective.

FORM

• Three-dimensional object having volume

and thickness.

• Length, width, and height

• Can be viewed from many angles

• Has volume and take up space

• Two different categories:

• Geometric- cube, sphere, cone,

pyramid, etc.

• Organic- all other forms such as: people,

animals, tables, chairs, etc.

Multiple Choice

The building blocks of the art or design are the ________________.

• Principles of Design

• Elements of Art

Multiple Choice

Line, shape, color, value, texture, space, and form are the ________________.

• Elements of Art

• Principles of Design

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

• The tools to plan and

organize artwork.

• The principles are:

• Balance
• Contrast
• Emphasis
• Pattern
• Unity
• Movement
• Rhythm

BALANCE

• Refers to the arrangement of the design

elements and keeps a coherent visual
pattern.

• Three types of balance:

• Symmetrical-two sides are the same
• Asymmetrical-two sides are different

but visually weighted equally

• Radial- design emerges from center

point

CONTRAST

• The difference between elements in an artwork to create visual interest.

• Helps different elements stand out by comparing and creating difference.

• Can be achieved by color, tone, size, and type.

EMPHASIS

• The creation of a focal point in an artwork.

• Draws the viewer’s eye to particular areas of the artwork first.

• Can be achieved through placement, contrast, color, size, repetition, etc.

• It is the place in which an artist draws your eye to first.

PATTERN

• The repetition of specific visual elements such as a unit of shape or form.

• Decorates the artwork with regularly repeated elements such as shapes or

color.

• A method used to organize surfaces in a consistent regular manner.

UNITY

• Means that all elements within the artwork are in harmony

• Variety within elements adds interest to the composition.

• It is the feeling that everything in the work of Art works together and looks like

it fits.

MOVEMENT

• How the eye travels through an artwork.

• Can lead the viewer from one aspect to the another within the composition.

• Can be achieved by using graphic elements that directs the viewers’ eyes in

a certain direction.

RHYTHM

• The regular repetition of elements such as line, shape, and forms to create

interest and consistency.

• Five kinds of rhythm:

• Random
• Regular
• Alternating
• Progressive
• Flowing

• Proportion/Scale

• The relationship between objects with

respect to the size, number, and so on,
including the relation between parts of a
whole.

• Harmony

• The arrangement of elements to give the

viewer the feeling that all the parts of the
piece from a coherent whole.

• Repetition

• The repeating usage of font types or

design elements to create a good
consistency in the designs.

• Visibility

• The consideration of viewing distance in

designing.

• Alignment

• Refers the positioning of related objects or texts in the

design.

• Important to increase readability

• Proximity

• The distance of each individual design elements.
• A close proximity indicates the design elements have

connection to each other.

• White Space

• The space or gap between two design elements.
• A good usage of white space will give the design a

breathing space and does not look messy.

Multiple Choice

The tools to plan and organize artwork are the ______________________.

• Elements of Art

• Principles of Design

Multiple Choice

Are there some of both the Elements of Art and Principles of Design in most artworks or designs?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Balance, Contrast, emphasis, pattern, unity, movement, and rhythm are the _______________.

• Principles of Design

• Elements of Art