Computer

Technology and Livelihood Education
Quarter 1,Wk.1 - Module 1
Introduction to Computers

9

Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode

Quarter 1, Wk.1 - Module 1: Introduction to Computers
First Edition, 2020

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Technology and

Livelihood
Education

Quarter 1, Wk.1 - Module 1

Computer Peripherals/Devices/Systems

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at action@
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We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

9

Table of Contents

What This Module is About ................................................................................................................... i

What I Need to Know .............................................................................................................................. ii

How to Learn from this Module ........................................................................................................... ii

Icons of this Module ............................................................................................................................... iii

What I Know ........................................................................................................................................... iii


Lesson 1:

Computer Peripherals/Devices/Systems ........................................................................

What I Need to Know.................................................................................................. 1

What’s New ............................................................................................................... 1

What Is It ........................................................................................................................ 5

What’s More ................................................................................................................. 11

What I Have Learned.................................................................................................. 13

What I Can Do .............................................................................................................. 15

Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………. 16

Assessment: (Post-Test) ……………………………………………………………………. 17

Key to Answers .................................................................................................................................. 18

References ........................................................................................................................................... 19

i

What This Module is About

Computers are one of the great inventions in the history of mankind. Through

the brilliant minds of individuals wanting to provide opportunities for everyone,
computers have been used as calculators then the notion changed into a machine that
has changed the way we work, live, and entertain.

In this module, you will have a great deal in understanding computer. At the

end of this module, you will be able to apply the knowledge of the classification of
computer, the types of computer that used nowadays, the type of personal computers
and the operation of the computer on how it works as a system.

ii

What I Need to Know

As you go through this module, you will be able to understand what computer is all

about. Readings and enhancement activities are provided to serve you as a guide. So

keep going and good luck!

Content Standard

Performance Standard

The learner demonstrates
understanding of basic concepts,
underlying theories and core
competencies in computer systems
and networks.

The learner independently provides
quality and marketable service in
computer hardware servicing in terms of
computer systems and networks
installation and diagnose and trouble
shoot computer systems as prescribed in
the TESDA Training Regulation.

iii

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.

• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need toThis part contains learning objectives that

Know

are set for you to learn as you go along the

module.

What I know

This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,

meant specifically to gauge prior related

knowledge

What’s In

This part connects previous lesson with that

of the current one.

What’s New

An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented

to you

What is It

These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-

standing of the concept.

What’s More

These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to

master the competencies.

What I Have

Activities designed to process what you

Learned

have learned from the lesson

What I can doThese are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and

applied into real-life concerns and situations.

v

What I Know

Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given
choices.

1. What computer that is also known as Personal Computer?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Supercomputer

d. none of the above

2. What is the type of computer which are used by the majority of the people in their

daily lives?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Desktop Computer

d. all of the above

3. It can easily record everything from your signature, to your handwriting, to original

drawings directly to your computer.

a. Laptop

c. Digital Tablets

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

4. It isa small and portable compared to the immobile desktop computer.

a. Laptop

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

5. What computer that is also much smaller, portable and very lightweight?

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

6. It is essentially designed for surfing the net, while notebooks have different

features, including better operating systems, optical drives and more offline use.

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

7. What computer that is typically have a display screen with touch input and/or a

miniature keyboard and weighting less than 2 pounds (0.91 kg)?

a. In-car Computer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

8. What computer which is referred to as the mid-sized computers and they serve as

the same functions as the normal desktop computers?

a. Minicomputers

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

9. What type of computer that is large in size, large in memory and powerful?

a. Minicomputer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

10. What type of computer that is used for problems requiring complex calculations?

a. Minicomputer

c. Supercomputer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

iv

1

Lesson

Title of the Lesson

1

Computer Peripherals/Devices/
Systems

What I Need to Know

As you go through this module, you will be able to understand what computer

is all about. Readings and enhancement activities are provided to serve you as a
guide. All you need to do is to read carefully all the topics and apply the knowledge
you’ve gained through the distinct activities provided in this module. At the end of this
module, you will be able to familiarize with computer peripheral/devices/systems in
accordance with established, procedures correct operation, and safety.

What’s New

Activity 1. A. Choose the answers and fill-in the missing letter below:




General Purpose Computers are …

1.

_ u _ _ _ Computer.

2.

M _ _ _ f _ _ _ _ (Large) Computer.

Micro

Personal

Mini

Mainframe

Palmtop

Super

Notebook

2

3.

M _ _ _ (Medium) Computer.

4. M _ _ _ _ (Small) Computer.

5.P _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6._ _ t _ _ _ _ _

7.P _ _ _ _ _ p

Computer

Computer

Computer

3

B) Choose the answers and fill-in the missing letter below:




Special Purpose Computers are …

1.

F _ _

2.

_ l _ _ _ Sound.

3.

P _ _ _ _

4.

C _ _ _ _ l _ _ _ _

5.

_ - R _ _

Robot

X-Ray

Fax

Pager

Calculator

Ultra

4

6.

R _ _ _ _

5

What Is It

Guide Questions:

* What is Computer?

* What are the different types of Computer?

* What are the different types of Personal Computer?

* What is the primary operation of each Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that has the capability to manipulate

information or data, store, retrieve, and process it for more useful information. It is

programmable so it can respond to specific instructions or commands.

Computers of the earlier years were of the size of a large room and were

required to consume huge amounts of electric power. However, with the advancing

technology, computers have shrunk to the size of a small watch. Depending on the

processing power and size of computers, they have been classified under various

types. Let us look at the classification of computers.

Different Types of Computers

Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as analog,

digital and hybrid computers.

Analog Computers: These are almost extinct today. These are different from a

digital computer because an analog computer can perform several mathematical

operations simultaneously. It uses continuous variables for mathematical operations

and utilizes mechanical or electrical energy.

6

Figure1. Different Types of Computer

Digital Computers: They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two

states, namely bits 0 and 1. They are analogous to states ON and OFF. Data on

these computers is represented as a series of 0s and 1s. Digital computers are

suitable for complex computation and have higher processing speeds. They are

programmable. Digital computers are either general purpose computers or special

purpose ones. Special purpose computers, as their name suggests, are designed

for specific types of data processing while general purpose computers are meant for

general use.

Hybrid Computers: These computers are a combination of both digital and analog

computers. In this type of computers, the digital segments perform process control

by conversion of analog signals to digital ones.

7

Classification of Computers

The following are the classification of the different types of computers based

on their sizes and functionalities:

Mainframe Computers: Large organizations use mainframes for highly critical

applications such as bulk data processing and ERP. Most of the mainframe computers

have the capacities to host multiple operating systems and operate as a number of

virtual machines and can substitute for several small servers.

Minicomputers: In terms of size and processing capacity, minicomputers lie in

between mainframes and microcomputers. Minicomputers are also called mid-range

systems or workstations. The term began to be popularly used in the 1960s to refer to

relatively smaller third generation computers.

Servers: They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in a

computer network. They have larger storage capacities and powerful processors.

Running on them are programs that serve client requests and allocate resources like

memory and time to client machines. Usually they are very large in size, as they have

large processors and many hard drives. They are designed to be fail-safe and resistant

to crash.

Supercomputers: The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively performed

by means of supercomputers. Quantum physics, mechanics, weather forecasting,

molecular theory are best studied by means of supercomputers. Their ability of parallel

processing and their well-designed memory hierarchy give the supercomputers, large

transaction processing powers.

8

Figure2. Classification of Computer

Microcomputers: A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing unit it

is known as a microcomputer. They do not occupy space as much as mainframes do.

When supplemented with a keyboard and a mouse, microcomputers can be called

personal computers. A monitor, a keyboard and other similar input output devices,

computer memory in the form of RAM and a power supply unit come packaged in a

microcomputer. These computers can fit on desks or tables and prove to be the best

choice for single-user tasks.

9

Personal computers come in different forms such as desktops, laptops and

personal digital assistants (refer to Figure 3). Let us look at each of these types of

computers.

Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare parts of

a desktop computer are readily available at relatively lower costs. Power consumption

is not as critical as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular for daily use in the

workplace and households.

Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are miniaturized and

optimized for mobile use. Laptops run on a single battery or an external adapter that

charges the computer batteries.

Netbooks: They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relatively

smaller in size. They had a smaller feature set and lesser capacities in comparison to

10

regular laptops, at the time they came into the market.

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs): It is a handheld computer and popularly known

as a palmtop. It has a touch screen and a memory card for storage of data. PDAs can

also be used as portable audio players, web browsers and smart phones. Most of them

can access the Internet by means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi communication.

Tablet Computers: Tablets are mobile computers that are very handy to use. They

use the touch screen technology. Tablets come with an onscreen keyboard or use a

stylus or a digital pen. Apple's iPod redefined the class of tablet computers.

Wearable Computers: A record-setting step in the evolution of computers was the creation of

wearable computers. These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in the study

of behavior modeling and human health. Military and health professionals have incorporated

wearable computers into their daily routine, as a part of such studies. When the users' hands

and sensory organs are engaged in other activities, wearable computers are of great help in

tracking human actions. Wearable computers do not have to be turned on and off and remain

in operation without user intervention

11

What’s More

Direction: Identify the type of computer being described in the following
sentences and write your answer on space provided.

1. These are mobile computers that are very handy to use. ___________________

2. They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in

a computer network.____________________

3. They are also called mid-range systems or

workstations.____________________

4. A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing

unit._____________

5. They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relatively

smaller in size.__________________________

6. A type of computer which is intended be used on a single location.

____________

7. They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states,

namely bits 0 and 1._________________________

8. Computers that have the capacities to host multiple operating systems

and operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for

several small servers.________________

9. It

is a handheld

computer

and

popularly

known

as

a

palmtop.__________________

10. These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in the

study

of

behavior

modeling

and

human

health.

________________________

Activity 2: FILL IN THE BLANKS

12

Direction: Match Column A to Column B and Column B to Column C. Blue pen for
Column A to Column B and Red Pen Column B to Column C.
Column A Column B Column C

It is intended to

Classification of

be used on a single

Computer

location





Are mobile computers

Types of Computer

that are very handy to
use.

It is also called mid-range

Types of Personal

systems or workstations

Computer

It has the capacity to host
multiple operating systems





It uses digital circuits and
are designed to operate
on two states, namely
bits 0 and 1.

Activity 3: MATCH ME

13

What I Have Learned

Test 1. Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given
choices.

11. What computer that is also known as Personal Computer?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Supercomputer

d. none of the above

12. What is the type of computer which are used by the majority of the people in their

daily lives?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Desktop Computer

d. all of the above

13. It can easily record everything from your signature, to your handwriting, to original

drawings directly to your computer.

a. Laptop

c. Digital Tablets

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

14. It isa small and portable compared to the immobile desktop computer.

a. Laptop

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

15. What computer that is also much smaller, portable and very lightweight?

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

16. It is essentially designed for surfing the net, while notebooks have different

features, including better operating systems, optical drives and more offline use.

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

17. What computer that is typically have a display screen with touch input and/or a

miniature keyboard and weighting less than 2 pounds (0.91 kg)?

a. In-car Computer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

18. What computer which is referred to as the mid-sized computers and they serve as

the same functions as the normal desktop computers?

a. Minicomputers

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

19. What type of computer that is large in size, large in memory and powerful?

a. Minicomputer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

20. What type of computer that is used for problems requiring complex calculations?

a. Minicomputer

c. Supercomputer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

14

Test II. Direction: Identify the type of computer being described in the
following sentences and write your answer on space provided.

1. These are mobile computers that are very handy to use. ___________________

2. They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in a

computer network.____________________

3. They are also called mid-range systems or workstations.____________________

4. A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing unit._____________

5. They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relatively

smaller in size.__________________________

6. A type of computer which is intended be used on a single location. ____________

7. They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states, namely

bits 0 and 1._________________________

8. Computers that have the capacities to host multiple operating systems and

operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for several

small servers.________________

9. It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a palmtop.__________________

10. These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in the study

of behavior modeling and human health. ________________________

15

What I Can Do

Direction: Write down either location/venue or situation were each type of personal
computer is commonly used in our society. Write 5 each type of personal computer
and write it in your activity notebook.

CRITERIA FOR THE ACTIVITY

PERCENTAGE

SCORE

Accurate to task given

30

Precise on the exact type of
computer

30

Informative answer

40

TOTAL

100

Range: NO. OF CORRECT

ANSWER

PERCENTAGE

4-5

30/40

3-4

20/30

2-3

10/20

1-2

0/10

STUDENT ASSESSMENT:

16

Summary


The knowledge and skills acquired by the learners in lesson one which is all about

understanding computers and in lesson two that discuss the computer basic operations can

be of help to them to augment personal income and become productive individuals. Upon

learning the fundamental concepts and skills, they are now ready to take and earn the

Computer System Servicing NC II National Certificate. The competencies learned in Computer

System Servicing can provide opportunities for the learners to be employed or put up their

own shop as computer technician.

17

Assessment: (Post-Test)

Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given
choices.

1. What computer that is also known as Personal Computer?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Supercomputer

d. none of the above

2. What is the type of computer which are used by the majority of the people in their

daily lives?

a. Microcomputer

c. Mainframe Computer

b. Desktop Computer

d. all of the above

3. It can easily record everything from your signature, to your handwriting, to

original drawings directly to your computer.

a. Laptop

c. Digital Tablets

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

4. It isa small and portable compared to the immobile desktop computer.

a. Laptop

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

5. What computer that is also much smaller, portable and very lightweight?

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Notebook

d. all of the above

6. It is essentially designed for surfing the net, while notebooks have different

features, including better operating systems, optical drives and more offline use.

a. In-car Computer

c. Netbook

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

7. What computer that is typically have a display screen with touch input and/or a

miniature keyboard and weighting less than 2 pounds (0.91 kg)?

a. In-car Computer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

8. What computer which is referred to as the mid-sized computers and they serve

as the same functions as the normal desktop computers?

a. Minicomputers

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

9. What type of computer that is large in size, large in memory and powerful?

a. Minicomputer

c. Handheld Computer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

10. What type of computer that is used for problems requiring complex calculations?

a. Minicomputer

c. Supercomputer

b. Mainframe

d. all of the above

18

Key to Answers

1. A

2. C
3. B
4. A

5. C
6. B
7. B
8. A

9. C
10. B
11. B
12. D
13. D
14. A
15. A

16. C
17. B
18. C
19. C

20. D

PRETEST AND POST TEST

LESSON 1 Activity 1A

LESSON 1 Activity 1B

1.Supercomputer
2.Mainframe

Computer

3.Minicomputer
4.Micro Computer
5.Personal Computer
6.Notebook
7.Palmtop

1.FAX
2.Ultra Sound
3. Pager

4. Calculator
5. X-ray
6. Robot

19

It is intended to

Classification of

be used on a single

Computer

location


Are mobile computers

Types of Computer

that are very handy to
use.

It is also called mid-range

Types of Personal

systems or workstations

Computer

It has the capacity to host
multiple operating systems




It uses digital circuits and
are designed to operate
on two states, namely
bits 0 and 1.

1. Tablet Computers
2. Servers
3. Minicomputers
4. Microcomputers
5. Netbook
6. Desktop
7. Digital Computers
8. Mainframe Computers
9. Personal Digital

Assistance

10.

10. Wearable

Computers

11.

LESSON 1 Activity 2

LESSON 1 Activity 3

21

References

Department of Education. Information and Communications Technology: Learning Material for
Computer Hardware Servicing, 2013.


https://sisodiyanilesh.wordpress.com/2011/03/12/5-basic-operations-performed-by-
computer-system/

https://mcqsets.com/s/fundamentals/basic-operations-of-a-computer/

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