4.02 Biodiversity

​= # of different species in an ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the species diversity level of biodiversity?

• 
  The total number of different species present in a particular ecosystem.

• 
  The interactions between different species and abiotic factors in an ecological community.

• The diverse range of ecosystems occupied by species within the biosphere.

• 
  The variety of genes present in a population of organisms.

Match

species diversity examples - do you see HIGH or LOW species diversity?

• :)

high species diversity

low species diversity

:)

• high species diversity

• low species diversity

• :)

​= different genes within a species and across different species

Match

genetic diversity examples - do you see HIGH or LOW genetic diversity?

• :)

high genetic diversity

low genetic diversity

:)

• high genetic diversity

• low genetic diversity

• :)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following most accurately explains why genetic diversity is related to a species‘ reaction to environmental change?

• Genetic diversity allows for the consistent response of individuals within a population to changing environmental conditions.

• Genetic diversity limits a species’ ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

• 
  Genetic diversity limits for varying traits that enable a species to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

• Genetic diversity allows for varying traits that enable a species to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

Biodiversity Measurements

• Balanced Ecosystems: High species richness and high species evenness indicate a stable and diverse ecosystem.

• Potential Instability: High species richness with low species evenness may signal dominance by a few species, suggesting vulnerability.

• Analyzing both metrics helps scientists understand ecosystem health and resilience.

​= total number of different species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best example of species richness?

• A forest with 15 different types of trees

• A single species of fish in a pond

• A garden with only roses

• A farm with cows and chickens only

​ species evenness = relative number of different species compared to others

commonness or rarity of a species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best example of a measurement of species evenness?

• The variety of different species in the tropical rainforest.

• 
  The number of zebras versus the number of lions near a watering hole in an ecosystem.

• The variety of genes of beak size in a population of finch.

• 
  The total number of individuals in a zebra population in the African Savanna.

Multiple Choice

Which habitat example represents a community with high species evenness but low species richness?

• a field with a variety of flower species

• a forest of brush and low lying vegetation

• a coral reef with many species of fish and vegetation

• a pond full of one species of fish

Multiple Choice

Do species richness and species evenness measurements only depend on the number and variety of species in an area?

• Yes, they are only affected by the number and types of species.

• No, they are also influenced by environmental factors and interactions between species.

• Yes, they only change if new species are introduced.

• No, they are not related to the ecosystem's health at all.

Generalist, Specialist, Keystone, and Indicator Species

• A generalist species is a species adapted to thrive in a variety of habitats.

• A specialist species is a species adapted to thrive in a specific habitat.

• Keystone species are organisms that have a disproportionately large impact on their environment relative to their abundance.

• An indicator species is a species monitored for early warnings that a community or ecosystem is being damaged.

Match

match the type of species with the correct description

• 
  

  can live in a wide range of conditions

• highly adapted to specific environments

• reveal ecological imbalances

• Important species for ecosystem health.

generalist species

specialist species

indicator species

keystone species

• generalist species

• specialist species

• indicator species

• keystone species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following phrases best characterizes a generalist species?

• high specificity to a particular habitat

• low adaptability to changing environments

• limited geographic distribution

• ability to thrive in various habitats

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the role of indicator species?

• They represent species of high commercial value.

• They provide a measure of ecosystem complexity.

• They signal environmental changes or conditions.

• They disguise disturbed ecosystems.