Photosynthesis Notes

Photosynthesis

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Organisms that consume other organisms for energy are known as​​

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. Photosynthesis, a process that creates macromolecules for energy, is a process done by ​

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, which are also referred to as autotrophs.

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consumers

producers

heterotrophs

amphibians

carnivores

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Shown here is the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis. In words, this reaction translates to​ 6 molecules of ​

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reacting with ​

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molecules of water in the presence of ​

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to create one molecule of ​

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and 6 molecules of ​

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.

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red light

orange light

green light

blue light

indigo light

violet light

According to the model of the leaf, which colors of light are being absorbed by the leaf pigments and which are being reflected?

Colors Absorbed

Colors Reflected

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Click on the spot in the chloroplast that identifies the thylakoids.

Gas exchange for a plant occurs through the help of tiny pores in the leaves known as stomata.

The singular form of stomata is one stoma.

Ins and Outs

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CO₂

H₂O_(g)

open stoma

closed stoma

O₂

TEMPORARY END

​A pigment called chlorophyll (found in plants) absorbs energy (photons) from the sun.

Sunlight (photons)

Water enters most plants through its roots as its absorbed by capillary action.

Water (H₂O)

Carbon dioxide enters the plant through pores in the leaves called stomata.

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

​Reactants

The first part of the reaction directly requires the light energy/photons. We say this part of the reaction is light-dependent.

Using Photons

The first part of the reaction occurs in green, pancake-shaped structures in the chloroplasts called thylakoids.

Green Pancakes

Water is broken/split into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen can be released as molecules of O₂ gas in the air.

Break Water

Light-Dependent Reactions

Light-Independent Reactions

The next part of the reaction does not directly need light energy/photons. We say this part is
light-independent.

Independent

This part of the reaction is also known commonly as the Calvin Cycle.

​​AKA

This part of the reaction occurs in the stroma, or the open space within a chloroplast.

​​Where?

Carbon dioxide is bonded with hydrogen atoms to create glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).

​​What?

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Click on the spot in the chloroplast that identifies the stroma.

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Factors Affecting Photosynthesis